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I know the birth process of the New Fourth Army Song
"The New Fourth Army Song" is my favorite song and the most revolutionary song I sing. Because I grew up listening to the old-timers telling the story of the New Fourth Army Song. My father Yuan Guoping was the director of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army at that time. My mother Qiu Yihan was the chief of the propaganda and education section of the teaching corps during the Southern Anhui period of the New Fourth Army. The cultural team of He Shide, the composer of the New Fourth Army Song, was also affiliated to the teaching corps. Therefore, she was very clear about the creation process of the New Fourth Army Song. Chen Yi and other predecessors, as well as Li Youlan, then monitor of the shorthand class of the military headquarters, and Ma Ning, deputy editor-in-chief of the Anti-Enemy Daily, told me about the military song, which not only made me know the military song, but also made me understand a lot of the creative history of the New fourth Army military Song, and even made me fall in love with the New fourth Army military Song. In recent years, historical documents including commander Ye Ting, deputy commander Xiang Ying, director of the political department Yuan Guoping, and deputy director of the political department Deng Zihui jointly promulgated the order to learn to sing the "New fourth Army Army Song" and other historical documents have been discovered one after another. it is completely consistent with the predecessors' description of the creative background and process of the "New fourth Army Song.
When I was a young student, Uncle Chen Yi once said to me personally: "Your father is a famous propagandists and very talented. He presided over the creation of" The New Fourth Army Song."
Yuan Guoping was appointed to preside over the creation of "New Fourth Army Song"
In February 1939, Zhou Enlai visited the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui. At a meeting, he and the leading comrades of the New Fourth Army agreed on the strategic policy of "consolidating southward, fighting eastward, and developing northward" of the New Fourth Army. Everyone was very excited.
Ye Ting proposed: "We should write a military song to reflect this policy, so that the whole army will know our goal". Participants were united in their support. Xiang Ying immediately said: "Commander Ye's opinion is very good. A high-level military song can play a great role. It is equivalent to compiling a textbook for the New Fourth Army, which can greatly improve the combat effectiveness of our army. I have personal experience of this. After the First Front Army of the Central Soviet Area won the third anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, the General Political Department of the Front Army issued a notice to its troops to learn to sing the" Song of Victory in the Third Revolutionary War. "when the enemy launched the fourth" encirclement and suppression "campaign, on the one hand, all units of our army sang the" Song of Victory in the third Revolutionary War "both before the war and during the march, which improved the morale of the troops, strengthened their belief in victory, and greatly enhanced their combat effectiveness. Therefore, the work of creating military songs is very urgent, and this matter is settled. The front is busy fighting, and our army is full of talents. We are collecting lyrics and matching songs in the army. Now everyone is very busy, my opinion is still to perform their duties, the creation of military songs by Guoping to grasp. Guoping is an expert in writing lyrics. The" Song of Victory in the Third Revolutionary War "I mentioned earlier was written by Guoping. He grasped the creation of military songs is the most appropriate".
Then, Xiang Ying made clear the requirements for the creation of the military song: "First, we should publicize the glorious history and fine traditions of our army. Second, we should make clear the purpose and goal of our army. Third, the military song should be a clarion call for marching and can urge people to forge ahead. Only in this way can it be a good military song." Yuan Guoping said that the creation of military songs is a matter of the political department, and as the director of the political department, I am duty-bound, but I don't know much about the three-year guerrilla war, and I would like to ask for your guidance. Chen Yi said that I am writing a poem for your reference when it is finished. Xiang Ying said that you can also read my report on the three-year guerrilla war to the central government.
Born in the smoke of gunfire
According to Xiang Ying's request, Yuan Guoping started to collect lyrics. For this reason, the Anti-Enemy Newspaper also published a special call for writing. Soon, Zhu Jing, Zhu Kejing and Yuan Guoping themselves came up with their first drafts. Zhu Jing, I organized a discussion in the political department in time, and agreed that one of them fully met Xiang Ying's requirements for military songs, and decided to further optimize it on this basis. After returning to Jiangnan, Chen Yi completed the writing of the narrative poem "Ten Years" at the end of March. In early April, Yuan Guoping received Chen Yi's poem with a letter attached. The letter said, "Because of my long stay in the military headquarters, I have a backlog of many military affairs that need to be dealt with urgently, and I have to be busy conveying the instructions of Vice Chairman Zhou and the military headquarters, so I can only give up writing lyrics for the military song. I am sending the poem for reference." Yuan Guoping instructed Zhu Jing to consider whether "Ten Years" could be changed into lyrics. Zhu Jing and Ma Ning, then deputy editor-in-chief of Anti-Enemy Newspaper, started to revise the poem one after another. They both felt that the poem was tightly structured and logical, and it was difficult to change a word. Ma Ning also said that "Ten Years" is a narrative poem, which is not a style with lyrics and is difficult to change into lyrics.
yuan guoping decided to hold a meeting for discussion. In addition to Yuan Guoping, Zhu Jingli, Ma Ning, Zhu Kejing and Huang Cheng, Secretary General of the Political Department, Zhou Zikun, Deputy Chief of Staff, Li Yimeng, Secretary General of the Military Department, and others attended the meeting. Zhu Jing I presided over the meeting and reported on the situation. The meeting agreed that the manuscript originally selected by the Political Department fully meets the requirements of the military song and has reflected the basic spirit and main content of the "Ten Years. On this basis, I absorbed the merits of other contributions, made further revisions, and decided to send them to the military headquarters and various detachments for comments, and at the same time handed over to He Shide to compose music.
After receiving the draft of the lyrics of the military song for soliciting opinions, Chen Yi thought the lyrics were very good in a letter to the military headquarters. He agreed and suggested that the "engraved" in "our names are engraved under the glorious northern expedition to Wuchang" should be changed to "blood stained".
After the draft was returned to the military headquarters, when the political department discussed it, Huang Cheng, secretary general of the political department, felt that the "engraving" was more profound, because since the Northern Expedition, the generals of the Kuomintang have often disregarded the role and achievements of the Communist Party in the Northern Expedition, and the implication of "engraving" shows that the achievements of the Communists in the Northern Expedition are shining in the annals of history. Yuan Guoping, on the other hand, believed that revolutionary wars always required bloodshed and sacrifice, and he felt that it was also advisable to change "engraved" to "bloodstained" in the amendment proposed by Comrade Chen Yi. In response to different opinions, Yuan Guoping finally adopted Chen Yi's opinion and changed the word "engraved" to "blood stained".
While organizing the creation of lyrics, Yuan Guoping also discussed with composer He Shide how to make good music. Yuan Guoping emphatically explained to He Shide the background of the lyrics, described in detail the strategic environment in southern Anhui and the development policy of the New Fourth Army, and emphasized that the lyrics should highlight the idea of advancing eastward to resist the enemy and marching behind the enemy, and strengthen the fighting momentum when composing the song. Yuan Guoping also stressed, "The last sentence of the first paragraph of the lyrics, 'Go eastward, go eastward, we are the Iron New Fourth Army! 'and the second paragraph, 'Go forward, go forward, we are the Iron New Fourth Army!' should be repeated twice". After listening to the composition for the first time, he reminded the composer that "the tune of the New Fourth Army Song should be high and majestic, and it should have the courage to march forward." He Shide wrote the second draft in accordance with this requirement. This draft was not submitted for review immediately, but first auditioned within the cultural team to listen to the feedback of the players. Everyone thinks that this change is much better, majestic, high, and clear-paced; the disadvantage is that most of the New Fourth Army officers and soldiers came from workers and peasants, and it is difficult to learn to sing. Again, he made a major change. After the completion of the third draft, the tune is more powerful, inspiring, full of artistic appeal and appeal. The combination of the song and the word is also quite perfect, making the artistic conception of the lyrics fully displayed. At the end, three consecutive "East, East! We are the Iron New Fourth Army!" The tune has a hierarchy, one after another, and it is more vigorous and vigorous, pushing out the climax of the whole song. At noon on July 1, 1939, in the auditorium of the Xincun Cultural Team near Yunling, He Shide commanded the singing team of the Military Cultural Team to audition the "New Fourth Army Military Song". When the last note was over, Xiang Ying immediately called "Good" and said: "You sang well, sang the glorious tradition of the New Fourth Army, and sang the heroic image of the New Fourth Army." Then, on behalf of the military, Yuan Guoping immediately solemnly declared: "Pass!" And the general song was officially named "New Fourth Army Song". Just as everyone was immersed in the joy of success, suddenly, 12 Japanese planes rushed over Yunling and Nakamura, bombarding indiscriminately, causing casualties to the local people and troops. Under the command of Xiang Ying and Yuan Guoping, the comrades of the cultural team immediately dispersed and concealed.
after the alarm was lifted, fang ying and yuan guoping made speeches filled with righteous indignation in front of everyone. Xiang Ying said angrily, "The Japanese aggressors owe another blood debt to the Chinese people for their bombing today. We have to fight back against the enemy with all kinds of battles, and we have to go to the army to teach and sing military songs, to inspire morale and fight the enemy with revolutionary songs." Then, he announced that the evening party celebrating "July 1" was suspended and asked everyone to go to Yunling for disaster relief.
Yuan Guoping said in his speech that the "New Fourth Army Song" was born in the blood of the battle. Everyone must learn to teach the "New Fourth Army Song" well, use singing to inspire officers and soldiers, and collect blood debts from the enemy......
After Xiang Ying and Yuan Guoping's indignant speeches, everyone sang military songs again with full of anger and bitter hatred for the Japanese invaders. Therefore, the "New Fourth Army Song" was born in the midst of artillery fire and smoke.
The order to learn to sing the "New Fourth Army Song" was issued.
The head of the Military Department of the New Fourth Army attached great importance to the creation and study of the "New Fourth Army Song. On the occasion of the second anniversary of the founding of the New Fourth Army, on October 12, 1939, Commander Ye Ting, Deputy Commander Xiang Ying, Director of the Political Department Yuan Guoping, and Deputy Director Deng Zihui jointly signed an order to officially announce the ''New Fourth Army Military Song''. Military songs are used as teaching materials to educate the commanders and fighters of the whole army in party history, military history and revolutionary traditions. The full text of the order is as follows:
Command
This is to review and publish the military song (attached), all the army should be in the shortest possible time, all officers and soldiers should be in the most proficient in singing, according to the interpretation of the military song, in-depth education, so that everyone deeply understand the meaning of the military song, the spirit of the military song as the spirit of the whole army, and implement this spirit in our army's combat, work, daily life to go. Military songs should be sung at the assembly, and all must be solemn and solemn when singing, and the lyrics and songs must not be arbitrarily modified, this order.
Chief Ye Ting, Deputy Chief Xiang Ying
Political Department Director Yuan Guoping Deputy Director Deng Zihui
The "New Fourth Army Song" attached to the order clearly pointed out in the annotation that "this is the final revised song score, and all troops will follow it in the future". The order also emphasized that "the lyrics and songs shall not be arbitrarily modified." This provides the most accurate and reliable standard for the lyrics and songs of the unified military song, and also stipulates the iron discipline to ensure that the "New Fourth Army Military Song" is not evolved. In the following decades, until the "Cultural Revolution", the "New Fourth Army Song" was reprinted in many publications with collective lyrics, He Shide's composition or composition, and sang the land of China for a long time.
The lyrics of the military song were translated into English by Smedley and spread abroad.
Agnes Smedley, a famous American female writer and journalist interviewed in southern Anhui at that time, was infected by the warm atmosphere of the officers and men learning to sing military songs. After listening to Yuan Guoping's introduction, she called "the New fourth Army military Song" "the strong voice of the times", and started to translate the lyrics into English and spread them abroad. Shortly after the establishment of the the People's Republic of China, Smedley died of illness when she went to Beijing and passed through England. On her deathbed, she asked her friends to send her lyrics, manuscripts and other relics to Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, whom she had interviewed. On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference decided to take the march of the volunteers as the the People's Republic of China national anthem, and immediately designated the China record company in Shanghai to record the record. The record numbered "Greater China Record Factory 38254", which was produced before the founding ceremony, was soon submitted to Beijing. One side was "the People's Republic of China National Anthem" and the other side was "New Fourth Army Military Song". Only 10 copies of this record were produced. It can be seen how important the status of "New Fourth Army Military Song" in contemporary revolutionary songs is.
The former General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army affirmed Yuan Guoping's contribution to the "New Fourth Army Song" in the article "Outstanding Leader of the Political Work of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the New Fourth Army": "He actively organized the creation of the" New Fourth Army Song ". The idea of advancing eastward to resist the enemy and developing behind the enemy has strengthened the fighting momentum and made it a powerful and well-known military song."
Today, Yuan Guoping and his comrades in arms carefully created this "New Fourth Army Song" in the era of war, which has inspired generations of people to forge ahead. This majestic battle song was born in a great era, a group of Chinese elites with firm faith and brilliant talents. They have left, but their songs have always resounded in the motherland and will always remain in the hearts of the people from generation to generation!
This article commemorates the 80th anniversary of the birth of the New Fourth Army Song.
Source: Liberation Army Daily
Reprinted from: Party Building Network
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