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The Culture of Clean Government in Ancient Family Instructions
As an important carrier of family style, family precepts have always been valued by people. Among many famous family precepts in ancient times, clean government culture is one of the important aspects emphasized, which is still worth learning and learning.
Slim, determination is an important content
Traditional Chinese culture emphasizes self-cultivation and determination. In ancient family precepts, self-cultivation and determination are an important content. Zhuge Liang said in the Book of Commandments: "If you are not indifferent, you cannot be clear, and if you are not quiet, you cannot be far away." Ji Kang emphasized in the "Family Commandments" that "people have no ambition, but they are not". He instructed his son: "If you have the ambition, you will swear by your mouth and heart. There is no difference between death and shame. You can't be caught. You can help your heart." Wang Yangming of the Ming Dynasty also pointed out in "Shidi Lizhi Shuo": "Fu Zhi, the handsome of qi, the life of man, the root of wood, and the source of water."
Children from an early age, this is the wish of parents. Some of the aspirations we have set up emphasize diligence and success, some emphasize loyalty and respect, and some emphasize self-discipline. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Yang Hu said in the Book of Commandments: "I hope you will be faithful when you wait for words, and respectful when you do. There is no word to make money, no nonsense to pass on, and no words to destroy reputation." In the Song Dynasty, Lu Benzhong believed that self-cultivation and determination were the basis for being a clean official in the future. He said in "Official Proverbs": "There are only three things in the method of being an official: clear, cautious, and diligent. Knowing these three, you will know so you can hold your body." By strengthening personal cultivation to reflect on self-discipline and self-discipline, this is the consensus of most people in ancient times, and it is also an important aspect emphasized by ancient family precepts.
Family precepts of all ages often mention thrift and diligence.
Frugality is one of the traditional virtues of Chinese people. The family mottos of the past dynasties often mentioned diligence and frugality. Zhuge Liang said in the book of exhortations: "in the course of a gentleman, we should cultivate our moral character and cultivate morality through frugality." At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Bailu started his "Zhu Zi's Family Instructions" with "Get up at dawn and sweep the court", emphasizing that "one porridge and one meal should be hard-won, and half a thread and half a thread of constant thoughts are difficult". All these reflect the requirements and expectations of future generations to pay attention to thrift and thrifty housekeeping.
In the view of the ancients, thrift is not only a virtue in family life, but also can be viewed at the height of governing the country. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the Emperor Fan himself: "The monarch of the generation of the husband is frugal. The wealth is vast, and the promise is kept; the wisdom and intelligence are kept by the fool. Don't be proud of your body, and don't be proud of your virtue." Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty taught his children in the Motto of Court Training that they should "have a pure heart and few desires", which was considered to be the key to keeping their foundation forever.
For officials at all levels, developing a frugal style of life also helps to be honest in politics. Fan Zhongyan is famous for his incorruptibility as an official. Under his education, his son Fan Chunren also became an incorruptible official. Fan Chunren put forward through personal experience that "only thrift can help honesty". In his family motto, Sima Guang warned his son that "it is easy to change from frugality to extravagance, but it is difficult to change from extravagance to frugality". Yuan Shifan reminds future generations not to ignore their financial resources because of extravagance, thinking that those are "arbitrary fees".
Emphasize that a gentleman loves money and gets it in a proper way.
The Chinese advocate the importance of righteousness over profit, specifically to be an official in politics, and emphasize that we must first make a clear distinction between public and private, and we must not use public for private purposes or waste private for public purposes. During the Warring States Period, Tian Ji served as the minister of the State of Qi, and once "received the goods of the lower officials, Jin Baiyi". When his mother learned about it, he warned him that "things that are not righteous should not be taken into account. Unreasonable benefits should not be taken into account". Tian Ji "came out of shame, against his gold, and blamed himself on Xuan Wang".
In addition, we should be cautious in making friends, which is also an important aspect emphasized in ancient family precepts. Confucius taught his students: "Those who benefit have three friends, and those who lose have three friends. Friends are straight, friends are forgiving, friends are hearing more, and they are good. Friends are open, friendly and soft, friends are sycophantic, and they are bad". The Family Instructions of the Yan Family said: "Living with the good, like entering the Zhilan room, will become fragrant for a long time; living with the evil, like entering the abalone house, will become stinky for a long time. Mozi is sad for dyeing silk, which is called yi, and a gentleman must be careful to have friends."
The Chinese attach great importance to the feelings of the family and the country and attach importance to family education. In the traditional Chinese concept, the family and the country are always closely connected, emphasizing "seeking loyalty from the door of filial sons", and believing that "if there is no governance in one room, why should the country be the country of the world". Under the traditional spirit of the same structure of family and country, family style is not only a matter within the courtyard of one's own family, but also related to the whole world, and the continuous family motto culture has become a valuable spiritual wealth.
Source: China Organization and Personnel News
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