How the Party Formulates Programmes and Goals in Different Historical Periods

The party's program is also called the party's struggle program, which is the action line formulated by a political party according to the objective needs of social development and the requirements of political mission. For more than a hundred years, generations of Chinese Communists have persisted in seeking truth from facts, seeking truth and being pragmatic, and have successively formulated programs and goals for struggle in different historical periods, leading the people to work tirelessly together, and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process.
(I)
The "Program of the Communist Party of China" adopted by the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1921 took Marxism as its ideological guide and established that the party's highest program is to realize communism. This goal program profoundly shows that the Communist Party of China is a proletarian party guided by Marxism and an advanced party with the ultimate goal of realizing the best society of mankind, the communist society. In 1922, the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China formulated the party's maximum program and minimum program in accordance with the world revolutionary situation and China's political and economic conditions. The declaration of the Congress pointed out that the Communist Party of China is a proletarian party in China, and its purpose is to organize the proletariat, establish the politics of the dictatorship of labor and agriculture by means of class struggle, eradicate the system of private property, and gradually achieve a communist society. This is the Party's ultimate goal and the Party's highest program. In order to realize the party's highest program, the Congress put forward the lowest program under the current historical conditions, that is, to eliminate civil strife, overthrow warlords, and build domestic peace; to overthrow the oppression of international imperialism and achieve the complete independence of the Chinese nation; and to unify China into a true democratic republic. Since then, while always adhering to the highest program of communism, the Communist Party of China has kept pace with the times in accordance with China's national conditions and the characteristics of different times, and has continuously formulated a basic program that meets the requirements of the development of the times.
In order to systematically summarize the revolutionary experience and better guide the Anti-Japanese War and the Chinese Revolution, Mao Zedong published important works such as "The Chinese Revolution and the Communist Party of China" and "On New Democracy", forming the theory of new democratic revolution. The Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China further elaborated the basic program of the new democratic revolution. On the political front, to overthrow the rule of imperialism and feudalism and establish a new democratic republic led by the proletariat, based on the alliance of workers and peasants, and under the joint dictatorship of the revolutionary classes. On the economic front, the land of the feudal landlord class was confiscated and owned by the peasants, and the monopoly capital of the bureaucratic bourgeoisie was confiscated and owned by the new-democratic state, protecting national industry and commerce. In terms of culture, we should establish an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal culture of the masses of the people under the leadership of the proletariat, that is, a national, scientific and popular culture. The basic program of the new democratic revolution became the banner that guided the Chinese people to consciously advance in a complex environment during the period of the new democratic revolution, and played a major guiding role in the victorious development of the Chinese revolution.
(II)
At the end of 1952, the land reform was basically completed, the task of restoring the national economy was successfully realized, and the country's development was facing a new situation and many new problems. In accordance with the fundamental interests and requirements of the people in building a modern socialist country, in 1953, the Party Central Committee formally formulated the party's general line during the transitional period. The key task is "one transformation and three reforms". The main feature is socialist construction and socialist transformation. Simultaneous development. When the socialist transformation was basically completed in 1956, my country's socialist political system and economic system had been established, laying the fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all development and progress in contemporary China.
From then on, the fundamental task facing the party is to lead the people of all ethnic groups throughout the country to vigorously develop social productive forces and strive for the prosperity of the country and the happiness of the people. On the basis of correctly analyzing the new situation and accurately judging the main social contradictions at that time, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China formulated the party's basic line: "relying on the hundreds of millions of working people who have been liberated and organized, unite all possible forces at home and abroad, make full use of all favorable conditions for us, and build our country into a great socialist country as quickly as possible." The line and program for socialist construction formulated by the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the task of concentrating on the development of productive forces and realizing national industrialization, which pointed out the direction for my country's socialist modernization and had a profound impact on China's economic and social development.
(III)
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the work center of the party and the state shifted to economic construction. Since Deng Xiaoping put forward the proposition of "building socialism with Chinese characteristics" at the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has closely focused on the theme of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and has continuously expanded new horizons and made new generalizations in theory. According to the basic national conditions and the main contradictions that China will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China formulated the basic line of the party in the primary stage of socialism and made a "three-step" strategic plan for modernization.
After the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the "theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics", the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1997 called this theory Deng Xiaoping Theory. It systematically and completely put forward and discussed the basic program of the Party in the primary stage of socialism: to build a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics is to develop a market economy under socialist conditions, constantly liberate and develop productive forces, and build socialist politics with Chinese characteristics, it is under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, on the basis of the people being the masters of the country, to govern the country according to law and develop socialist democratic politics; to build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is to take Marxism as the guidance, to cultivate ideals, morality, and culture. The goal is to develop a modern, world-oriented, and future-oriented, national, scientific and popular socialist culture.
(IV)
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Xi Jinping as the main representative, have complied with the development of the times and systematically answered the question of what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop in the new era and how to uphold and develop Chinese characteristics from the combination of theory and practice. Socialism is a major issue of the times, and Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era were created. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the historical status of this new thought, comprehensively analyzed the international and domestic situation and China's development conditions, and put forward the strategic arrangement of socialist modernization in the new era, that is, on the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, we will build a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modern power in the middle of this century.
The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China systematically expounded the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era with the "Fourteen Persistances. That is, adhere to the party's leadership in all work, adhere to the people as the center, adhere to the comprehensive deepening of reform, adhere to the new development concept, adhere to the people as the masters of the country, adhere to the comprehensive rule of law, adhere to the socialist core value system, adhere to the guarantee and improvement of people's livelihood in development, adhere to the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, adhere to the overall national security concept, adhere to the party's absolute leadership over the people's army, adhere to the "one country, two systems, adhere to the promotion of building a community of human destiny, adhere to the comprehensive and strict governance of the party. This basic strategy is highly concise and rich in connotation. It is a program of action for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, and has strong practical pertinence and theoretical guidance.
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thoughts on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, our party has closely focused on the theme of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, commanding great struggles, great projects, great undertakings, and great dreams, and creating the great achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich to becoming strong.
 

Source: Learning Times