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Ai Qing: Holding High Torches and Rushing to Chongqing
In 1940, Ai Qing worked as a Chinese teacher in Hengshan Rural Normal School for less than half a year and wrote many poems such as "The Wilderness. Although all these poems permeated the poet's tears, full of feelings of concern for the country and the people, but far away from the flames of war, can not hear the "breath of battle", Ai Qing heart is unwilling, he asked himself: "No! Can not be like a wild dog in the barren tomb, mourning for the dead......"
Just when Ai Qing was struggling to pursue spring, his good friend Ye Yequn sent a letter from Chongqing that poked him directly at the pain: "You can't stay in the countryside all the time. It's too closed and too suffocating." Almost at the same time, Wei Dongming of Chongqing Yucai School sincerely sent him an invitation: Mr. Tao Xingzhi would like to invite you to Yucai School for part-time classes. Ai Qing was filled with joy, simply packed his bags and immediately set off from Xinning, Hunan to Chongqing.
On the way to Chongqing, "Torches"
Ai Qing set off to travel westward along the Fuyi River. First take a small wooden boat, the boat to Shaoyang, and then take the Yangtze River. The ship sailed in the vast and remote, and Ai Qing was full of thoughts to conceive her own poems. Staring at the surging Yangtze River, the mid-spring sun was hanging high in front of the ship, facing the fiery sun, the poet's mood was difficult to calm. In Wuhan, he remembered that people from all over the country held a parade of singing torches to commemorate the anniversary of the "July 7th" Anti-Japanese War. Thousands of torches were raised when it was dark, making the streets and alleys of Wuhan red; he remembered many A parade was arranged on ships of all sizes, lighting torches to brighten the water, and ships chased waves like fire dragons, as if to make the entire Yangtze River burn ...... A river of waves surging in the poet's heart, the burning torch, is not it a symbol of thousands of compatriots on the strong new China's warm expectations? Isn't it a symbol of thousands of young people moving towards revolution and light?
Ai Qing captured the image of the torch. From the May 1st International Labor Day to the May 4th Youth Day in 1940, on the Yangtze River steamer rushing to Chongqing, he wrote another excellent long poem during the Anti-Japanese War-"Torch". The raging "Torch" ignited the long-repressed emotions in the poet's heart, lit up the confused hearts of countless young people, and ignited the enthusiasm of thousands of passionate young people to resist Japan and save the country.
This poem can be called a companion piece of "To the Sun". It is a song of youth that awakens wandering youth and inspires revolutionary youth to seek an ideal path during the Anti-Japanese War. When he arrived in Chongqing in early May, Ge Yihong, who was then editor of Sino-Soviet Culture, was the first to find Ai Qing, snatched the manuscript of Torch in one hand and handed Ai Qing 200 yuan in silver in the other, so that Ai Qing would not be hungry as soon as he arrived in Chongqing. The long poem "Torch" was soon published in "Sino-Soviet Culture.
Teaching students new literature
Yucai School was founded by Mr. Tao Xingzhi at his own expense. The Convention on Talent Cultivation stipulates: "Directors and counselors are the disseminators of truth, and art friends are the disseminators and learners of truth." The school closely combined with current events, anti-Japanese propaganda, democratic education throughout the entire teaching process. The school accommodated many Communist Party members and patriotic democrats, and became a fortress in the anti-Japanese and democratic struggle in Chongqing at that time. The Kuomintang regarded it as a thorn in its side and did not grant subsidies in an attempt to strangle the Yucai School in its cradle. At that time, a large number of national well-known cultural figures gathered in Yucai School. Lao She was the head of the Department of Ancient Literature, He Lvting was the head of the Department of Music, Chen Yanqiao was the head of the Department of Fine Arts, and Zhang Ming was the head of the Department of Drama. When Ai Qing came, Tao Xingzhi immediately appointed him as the head of the Department of New Literature and concurrently the teacher of the "New Literature Speech" class.
Ai Qing likes students and often says to them, "I want to learn from the younger generation. If China does not learn from the younger generation, there is no hope." These students who have grown up in the flames of war and suffering, their knowledge and abilities often exceed their actual age. They care about current affairs, are interested in discussing problems, are passionate about the pursuit of truth, and often fight for new things they come into contact. In front of Ai Qing, a student was eloquent and put on a "dragon gate array". When he talked about the story of Bear Major and the Cowherd and Weaver Girl, he added oil and vinegar and was fascinating. Ai Qing praised him: "you have rich imagination and poetic temperament." This casual praise actually shaped the future of the student and later became a poet.
Yucai school is not big, but full of talents, cultural celebrities abound, in Chongqing's influence is growing. The Kuomintang who advocated appeasement could not sit still. The spy agency took Yucai School as the focus of surveillance. Mr. Tao Xingzhi received threatening letters from the Kuomintang spy for many times. After thinking twice about the future of the school, Tao Xingzhi went to Ai Qing to discuss: "You can do it, I'll go to the United States." Ai Qing only wanted to write freely, did not want to be fettered by administrative affairs, and did not promise. Later, Mr. Tao Xingzhi did not go to the United States, and persisted until the victory of the Anti-Japanese War.
Heart home country to create goodMake
Soon after, the magazine "Literary Position" sponsored by the All-China Association of Literary and Art Circles against the Enemy moved from Wuhan to Chongqing. When he was in Wuhan, Ai Qing served as the editorial board of the magazine, so he left Yucai School and returned to the editorial department of "Literary Position. As an editorial board member, Ai Qing, in addition to intense editing work, wrote a large number of literary reviews, essays, and poems published in Chongqing newspapers and magazines, while participating in many social activities. When Chongqing held the National Art Exhibition, Ai Qing took out the paintings left with him and participated in this exhibition. After seeing Ai Qing's four paintings, Lin Fengmian spoke highly of them. Soon, after Guo Moruo's introduction, Ai Qing met Zhou Enlai. After that, Ai Qing went to the Chongqing Office of the Eighth Route Army in Zengjiayan many times to listen to Zhou Enlai's speech. At that time, he had close contacts with Tian Han, Hu Feng and others. He often talked about the situation, literature and art together, and went to the Sino Soviet Friendship Association for coffee.
In Chongqing for more than half a year, Ai Qing was active in the cultural center of the "Great Rear". Under the influence of the Communist Party and progressive democrats, a large number of poems beat fiercely with the pulse of the times, awakening people's souls in times of national crisis with a loud and deep voice. Ai Qing merged his "Fountain of Life" into the "ocean" of the anti-fascist war, wrote a large number of poems with great enthusiasm, and created "City Man", "Gambling", "The Wilderness (Another Chapter)", and "Old Man" "Road", "Sorghum", "Bonfire", "Desolate", "Square", "Night" and other masterpieces. In these works, seemingly pure description of natural scenery or life style of poetry, but in fact, the poet continues to express his deep melancholy and sorrow, full of deep concern for the future of the country. In the exciting poetry, the poet always holds high the torch and long the horn, letting the mighty flow between every line.
Chichen yearns for Yan'an
At the beginning of 1941, the Southern Anhui Incident, which shocked China and foreign countries, took place. The Kuomintang set off a third anti-communist wave. In Chongqing, KMT agents intensified their surveillance, intimidation, and arrest of progressive cultural figures. Ai Qing found several times that as soon as he went out, there was a "tail" behind him. On one occasion, Ai Qing received an invitation jointly signed by Chen Lifu, Gu Zhenggang, Wu Guozhen and others, inviting him to participate in the "Father of the Nation Memorial Week. Tian Han also received the same invitation. Tian Han asked Ai Qing, "Will you go or not?" Ai Qing replied firmly, "There is a conspiracy here. You can't go, and I hope you won't go." Tian Han went on to say: "Yes, we will not go, silence is protest!"
The rain is coming and the wind is full of buildings. Zhou Enlai was very concerned about the safety of these progressives in the rear area. One day in January, Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao and Mrs. Bing Xu came to Beibei Yucai School. Hu Feng informed Ai Qing to listen to Zhou Enlai's speech. Zhou Enlai talked about the situation in which the War of Resistance was at a stalemate and encouraged progressive cultural figures to work hard. Zhou Enlai knew that Ai Qing mainly lived on a meager contribution fee, and that Kuomintang spies followed this progressive patriotic youth very closely, so he was specifically mentioned among many participants: "People like Mr. Ai Qing can write at ease in Yan 'an and have no worries about life." Zhou Enlai's words made Ai Qing's heart warm. After years of hard searching, he was confused and bumpy all the way. Now, Zhou Enlai pointed out a way to the light for him.
Under the careful arrangement of Zhou Enlai and Dong Biwu, Ai Qing's wife and three family members of the Eighth Route Army set off for Yan'an in late January. They boarded Dong Biwu's jeep. Zhou Enlai personally saw them off at the gate of Hongyan Village and shook hands with them one by one: "Comrades, be careful all the way, we will meet soon!"
In February, Zhou Enlai gave Ai Qing 1000 yuan's money. Shen, a student of Ai Qing in Shanxi National Revolutionary University, asked me to lend him a certificate with the identity of a senior staff officer of the Suimeng Autonomous Guidance Office. Before leaving, Zhou Enlai also specifically told Ai Qing: "You take the main road, not the path. In case of detention, call Guo Moruo."
After some disguise, the tall and thin Ai Qing wore an otter collar coat and dressed up as a senior staff officer. Painter Zhang Ding once stayed in Yulin and was familiar with the situation in that area. He was asked to wear long riding boots and be an adjutant holding a certificate. Writer Luo Feng was seasoned and calm, shaved his head and served as an orderly. Poet Yan Chen is the only one who wears glasses and wears a brown robe, just like accompanying documents; writer Lu Fei dressed up as a family member and put a new sheepskin jacket and high heels for acting in his suitcase. Five warm-blooded young people, full of revolutionary ideals, embarked on the journey to Yan'an.
With wit and bravery, Ai Qing and his entourage concealed the strict interrogation of the Kuomintang sentry, and went through hardships. On March 8, 1941, they set foot on this land that symbolizes light --- Yan'an. This young poet Ai Qing, who sang "Dayan River-My Nanny" and was famous in the poetry world, held high "Torches" and rushed to Chongqing with passion, and finally was able to embrace the spiritual home of his dreams with open arms.
Author: SHEN Zhipeng
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference
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