"Red financial expert" Zheng Yizhai.

Zheng Yizhai was born in a poor family in Henan Province on July 18, 1901, and joined the Communist Party of China in 1927. In 1930, appointed by the party organization, he opened a Yizhai bank in Shanghai as a manager, renamed Zheng Yizhai, and has since forged an indissoluble bond with the party's financial work.

In 1931, the leading organs of the Party Central Committee in Shanghai successively moved to the Central Soviet Area. Zheng Yizhai also finished his bank work and left Shanghai in 1932 to carry out banking business in the Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Soviet areas, promote the economic construction of the Soviet area, and carry out foreign trade. He is known as the "red financial expert" of our party ".

Subsequently, Zheng Yizhai entered Sichuan with the Red Army and was elected as a member of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, an executive member of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Government, chairman of the Provincial Government Finance Committee, director of the mint, and concurrently director of the General Manager Department of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission.

In May 1935, Zheng Yizhai participated in the Long March and served as the Minister of the Enemy Work Department and the Minister of the General Supply Department of the Political Department of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army. In November, he served as the Minister of the Supply Department of the West Route Army. Under extremely difficult conditions, he organized the purchase of food and made clothing and ammunition., Supplying the combat needs of the troops and making great contributions to the revolution.

In March 1937, Zheng Yizhai's army was surrounded by the enemy in Shiwo, south of Kanglong Temple in Linze. In the fierce battle, he ordered the guards to rush out of the siege with party funds in disguise, but he himself died heroically at the age of 36.

Do everything possible to solve the problem of food and clothing for the troops

After the Red Army entered Sichuan in 1932, with the development of revolutionary forces and the expansion of base areas, the burden on the shoulders of logistics support staff became heavier and heavier. At this time, Zheng Yizhai held several positions, serving as the chairman of the Finance Committee of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Government and the president of the Industrial and Peasant Bank, as well as the director of the arsenal and the mint.

The Red Army retreated from Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and moved thousands of miles to northern Sichuan. Eating became a big problem. This area is close to Bashan, which is remote, economically backward, inconvenient transportation, less paddy fields, more dry land, and less grain production in Bashan area. The poor have no food in their homes, mostly coarse cereals, sweet potato and sweet potato, but the landlords have more food in their homes. Zheng Yizhai made a detailed investigation and study of these characteristics and conditions, and made a suggestion to the front army headquarters: when fighting local tyrants to break the warehouse and divide grain, only part of the grain should be distributed to the poorest families, and most of the grain should be concentrated and transported to the rear. In this way, the general manager's department should set up grain stations and transfer stations all over the Soviet area, and mobilize men and women from all over the Soviet area to participate in this kind of transportation, so as to ensure that the troops have food to eat wherever they concentrate on fighting. At the same time, it also made the enemy unable to get food in the Soviet areas.

In order to solve the food problem, Zheng Yizhai also suggested that the political organs of the Red Army at all levels should assist the government in opening up wasteland and farming, destroying tobacco and growing grain. By 1934, under the call of the provincial party committee on "a variety of grains, a variety of vegetables, and feeding more livestock", production had further developed, and grain, cotton, oil, vegetables, pigs, cattle, chickens and ducks all had a bumper harvest. Zheng Yizhai also led the general manager department to take the lead and insisted on diligence and thrift. Rice was mainly used for combat troops and the sick and wounded, and the rear area ate more coarse cereals.

Dressing was another big issue. In the autumn of 1932, the troops set out from Hubei, Henan and Anhui, wearing only their own clothes, and fought thousands of miles away. They were already in tatters. It was the middle of winter when they entered Sichuan, and the problem of clothing was imminent. Zheng Yizhai agreed with each army and division to be jointly responsible. Each army and division manager set up a clothing factory, and the general manager department set up three factories to make unified planning and division of labor to make winter and summer clothes. The source of cloth is mainly from the general manager's department to set up stations in the whole Soviet area to purchase local cloth (together with grain stations), part of which is purchased from vendors in border areas. Through hard work, the winter and summer clothing in 1933 and 1934 were uniformly supplied.

Open salt well and take brine

Soon after the establishment of the base areas of Tong (Jiang), Nan (Jiang) and Ba (Zhong), they were attacked by the "three-way siege" of Sichuan warlord Tian Songyao, and the enemy cut off the salt road from the south to Tongjiang. Salt is a necessity for the military and civilian life in the base area, and it cannot be lacking. Zheng Yizhai hurriedly convened a meeting to mobilize the military and civilians in the base area to open salt wells and fetch brine for civilian use.

Once, the underground traffic station returned a batch of salt through the enemy's blockade line. Zheng Yizhai was overjoyed and ordered the management department personnel to issue it in time. During the distribution, Zheng Yizhai took half a kilo of salt and took it home in a small bag. Then, he called guard Xiao Zeng: "You send this bag of salt to Commander Xu. He is singing Dan (Dan) corner like everyone else."

Commander-in-chief Zheng Yizhai and Xu Xiangqian are close comrades-in-arms. Three days ago, they studied the logistics support work of the army together. In the evening, Xu kept him for a midnight snack. The cook served two dishes. The dishes were fresh but tasteless. Zheng Yizhai's mouth did not say, the in the mind can not help but feel sad, Xu commander-in-chief carrying such a heavy burden, working day and night, life and soldiers in the same suffering. Now, with this batch of salt, it is also natural to send some to Commander Xu.

After a while, Xiao Ceng came back and handed over a note, which said: Comrade Yizhai, thank you for your kindness. I already have brine here, so keep the salt for your own use. Zheng Yizhai stared at the note, tears moistening his eyes. He thought for a moment and ordered Xiao Zeng to send the bag of salt to the field hospital. The dean told the wounded about the bag of salt. Everyone was deeply moved. At that time, a group of wounded asked to return to the front line to fight against the siege.

　　Neng Wen Neng Wu

In the base area, very few people know about bank work, only Zheng Yizhai is an expert. But he was still humbly learning the political economy of Marxism and understanding the theory of money. He personally conducted investigations and studies, and according to the specific conditions of the Soviet area, he proposed several guidelines for bank work to his superiors, all of which were agreed by the leaders. Zheng Yizhai attaches great importance to the bank's publicity work and trust in the people. On the opening day of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Industrial and Agricultural Bank, the comrades of the management department took advantage of the situation to carry out publicity and conduct exchange and deposit business on the spot, which expanded the influence.

Zheng Yizhai is not only good at doing financial work, but also able to lead troops in war. When the Red Fourth Front Army moved to Sichuan and Shaanxi, in order to ensure the supply of materials in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, Zheng Yizhai did a lot of united front work for Sun Weiru, the 38th Kuomintang Army stationed in southern Shaanxi, and established a red communication line from southern Shaanxi to the Soviet Area.

At that time, Wu Laoping, an underground party member, purchased radio equipment, medicines, medical equipment and some scarce daily necessities in Hanzhong, and entered the depths of Bashan through this red transportation line. More than 20 "porters" were walking along a dense forest path when they were suddenly robbed by bandit leader Xu Yaoming and others. Zheng Yizhai received intelligence and quickly led a Red Army unit to the Sheeppen Pass. After fierce fighting, he regained the supplies.

In order to ensure the smooth flow of this red transportation line, Zheng Yizhai was determined to get rid of the bandits Xu Yaoming. After careful planning, he took advantage of the contradiction between Yuan Gang and Xu, another bandit leader, and sent Wu Laoping to Qujiang Cave to become a brother with Yuan Gang. On Xu Yaoming's birthday, Wu Laoping and Yuan Gang took several big men with gifts to celebrate their birthday. After three rounds of drinking and throwing cups as the number, Xu Yaoming was killed on the spot and Xu's "brothers" were included. From then on, the interference on this transportation line was eliminated and the people of Bashan were also harmed.

painstaking efforts for military production

In order to solve the problem of ammunition supply for the whole army, Zheng Yizhai also went to great pains. The arms and ammunition of the Red Army were mainly seized from the enemy. The repair of all kinds of weapons has become one of the main tasks of ensuring combat.

Zheng Yizhai's approach is still to rely on everyone to do it and to be responsible at different levels. Notify the troops that wherever they go, they will collect local gun workers and arrange them in military and division ordnance repair centers. There are surplus and technical good sent to the general manager department ordnance repair shop. The division of labor is: the army and division repair guns and less defective machine guns and cannons. The rest of the army, division can not repair, are sent to the general manager department repair equipment factory repair. Since the capture of the enemy's arsenal machines, the quality of repairs has been improved.

After the Red Army seized the arsenal and mint, Zheng Yizhai personally organized the relocation of machinery, equipment and raw materials, and established the Red Army's arsenal and mint. In a short period of time, despite several relocations, he still produced white medicine (propellant), Explosives, bullets, mortar shells, grenades, etc., among which grenades ensured the needs of the entire army. Other supplies needed by the Red Army, such as rain gear, anti-skid palm (foot size), rice bowl (wooden), etc., as well as western medicine and medical supplies, Zheng Yizhai gave specific guidance and solved them one by one.

When the Red Fourth Front Army first entered Sichuan, the military industry was relatively weak. In Goujiawan, south of Tongjiang City, there was only a military factory with the camp moved from the base area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and it was very small in scale and poorly equipped, so it was difficult to guarantee the supply of weapons and ammunition for the troops. The soldiers fought on the front line, risking their lives to pick up the shell casings one by one from the position and use them again. In the face of the difficult supply of military supplies, Zheng Yizhai was extremely anxious and did everything possible to develop the military industry in the base areas in order to get rid of the supply dilemma.

In October 1933, the Red Army liberated Suining (now Dachuan City), one of the largest central cities in northeastern Sichuan. Zheng Yizhai arrived in Suiding at night and organized tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians to quickly move the machinery, equipment and materials from Liu Cunhou's arsenal to Tongjiang Kucaoba, and set up a large arsenal with more than 1400 employees in Luoping Mountain. Zheng Yizhai boldly used He Yangyuan, director of Liu Cunhou's arsenal, as director of the Red Army's arsenal, responsible for the technical work of the factory. For the arsenal technicians who participated in the Red Army, Zheng Yizhai took care of them politically and cared about them in life. He often had a heart-to-heart talk with them. At the same time, he also asked the kitchen master to open a small kitchen for them, increase nutrition, and let the doctor check their bodies regularly. These technicians were deeply moved and soon played a key role in the military production in the Soviet area.

Due to the good leadership of Zheng Yizhai, it promoted the rapid development of the military industry in the Soviet area, and batches of weapons and ammunition were continuously sent to the front. The soldiers especially liked the sweet potato grenades engraved with the words "Destroy Liu Xiang, Chihua and Chuan Chuan". Some Red Army commanders gave a thumbs up and praised: "Minister Zheng really has a way. With such a red steward in the army, we will have strength in fighting!"

After the Red Army crossed the Jialing River in March 1935, the entire front and rear areas were constantly shifting. According to this situation, Zheng Yizhai immediately formed three military stations to follow the actions of the troops, raise food and materials on the spot, and distribute them to the troops. Zheng Yizhai led the General Manager Department and its subordinate factories to follow the troop transfer. Where there is a rest time of more than two or three days along the way, the factories immediately carry out production, make bedding and clothing supplies from local materials, repair weapons, manufacture grenades, etc., and everyone is in full swing.

However, two years later, in March 1937, Zheng Yizhai's army was surrounded by the enemy. In the fierce battle, he ordered the guards to break out of the siege with party funds, but he fell in a pool of blood forever and died heroically at the age of 36.

December 25, 2017 Source: People's Political Consultative Conference