Why did Xie Juezai pinch the "three sweats"

Xie Juezai, known as one of the "Five Elders in Yan'an", is an older generation of proletarian revolutionaries, politicians, outstanding social activists, and one of the founders of our people's judicial system. In his later years, he wrote a poem: "Walking through thousands of miles, the body is still healthy, and the courage is not cold, but there are dust flaws and must be wiped, and the heart and lungs are open for people to see." The poem expresses his open and aboveboard character of serving the people wholeheartedly.

　　For being in the hearts of the masses but not pinching "a sweat"

During the Yan'an period, Xie Juezai often reminded everyone in his work that when things happen, we should think about it. Don't think that we are from the masses or have been close to the masses, and we have understood the demands and opinions of the masses. If you can't say why, you should sweat when you are in the hearts of the masses. It should also be checked whether we have made an in-depth analysis of the known reality, grasped its laws, and referred it explicitly to the plan. If not, then we should sweat, learn to use our brains, think from all aspects, and find ways that are really beneficial to the people.
 

In June 1955, when Xie Juezai was the Minister of the Interior, he personally visited the homes of people in need in response to the famine in some parts of the country. Once, he did not want to be accompanied by local cadres, but only took his secretary and walked into a farmhouse at will. This peasant family of seven people, big and small, was eating together. Seeing that the people were not like the local cadres, they hurriedly hid the food they were eating. Xie Juezai took the host's hand and said wittily, "I haven't eaten yet. Let me have a meal at your house." The host refused to take off the rice and wanted to make another meal for him. He insisted on eating with them, so the host had to fill him with a bowl. He took a few bites and felt that the more he ate, the worse he felt. After asking the owner, I realized that it was made with cotton seeds and red potato noodles, which was really hard to swallow. The host was an old woman. Seeing that Xie Juezai had really eaten it, she couldn't help crying, and the two girls who were only a few years old also cried. Xie Juezai comforted them by saying: Difficulties are temporary. As long as you stand up, you can overcome them. When he left, he asked for a little meal he had just eaten, wrapped it in a handbag and put it in his pocket.

When he returned to the station, he called a meeting of the leading comrades of the relevant parties, took out the cottonseed and sweet potato rice wrapped in the handkerchief from his pocket, and warned the local cadres earnestly: we should really care about the sufferings of the masses and understand their difficulties. I know that the country is also very poor now, and it is suffering from disasters. The people's life is not easy, and your life is not easy, but the more we are at this time, the more we will go to the people's homes and take a look. Don't dare to approach the people when it is difficult. It is not necessary to avoid them for fear of getting into trouble. If we go, the hearts of the masses will be at ease. By approaching the masses and sending a greeting and a little encouragement, the masses can stand up in the face of difficulties and famine, understand the country's difficulties, and better reflect our party's concern for the people!
 

　　Pinch "a sweat" for bureaucratic style"

Xie Juezai deeply hated bureaucracy and once said with deep feeling: "If bureaucracy is allowed to spread, we Communists will lose a bit of prestige, leave a stain, and lose a piece of popular support. This terrible consequence is to think of it. Sweat." In a poem, he expressed the feeling of sweeping away bureaucracy. The poem said: "The government and the people should always be connected. The distance is like a city away, and the clouds are swept away. Although Chang'an is far away, it is like a door."

Here, Xie Juezai called the suffering of the people as "the people's hidden", the central government as "Chang'an", and the bureaucracy as the "floating clouds" that isolated the central government from the masses ". Originally, the central government and the masses were close at hand. After bureaucracy, it was like a wall to separate it. Once bureaucracy was cleared away, the central government and the masses had a close relationship, and it was like a city.

During his tenure as Minister of the Interior, he proposed that ministers, deputy ministers, and department directors should personally receive letters and visits from the people. Once, an old man came to visit and cried sadly before he said anything. Xie Juezai, while comforting him, asked the correspondent to pour the old man a glass of water and asked him to rest for a while before speaking. The old man was very excited and took Xie Juezai's hand and said, "You are so kind old comrade! I can't solve the problem for a while, and I feel comfortable in my heart!"

One day in June 1955, he came to a rescue site that was reinforcing the Yellow River embankment, tightly held the hand of a white-haired old man, and asked: "How old are you, also to repair the embankment to prevent disasters?" The old man stroked Xie Juezai's white beard with tears in his eyes and said: "We are about the same age, you can see us in person is really not easy ah!"

In March 1957, Xie Juezai returned to his hometown of Hunan, Ningxiang, where he had been away for 30 years. County for his safety, sent public security personnel to follow the guard. When he found out, he repeatedly discouraged him, saying that this would make the masses afraid to approach and demanded that he be removed immediately. When he returned to his former residence, Xiao Jiawan, Sha Tin, the director of the Public Security Bureau personally led the public security personnel to set up posts in front of and behind his house, making it difficult for some people to enter the house even if they wanted to see him. After Xie Juezai found out, he criticized the director and asked him to immediately remove the sentry post. In this way, the door was opened, and the masses also opened their hearts to him, and talked to him about many problems that existed in the countryside at that time, especially the problem of deforestation.

When he returned to Beijing from Ningxiang, he personally wrote to cadres at all levels in Ningxiang to educate them not to tell lies and not to have a bureaucratic style.

　　For the wrong case to pinch "a sweat"

In April 1959, Xie Juezai was elected president of the Supreme people's Court at the second National people's Congress.

After Xie Juezai took office, in view of the actual situation of some courts, he proposed to effectively change the problem of low quality of case handling. He emphasized the need to restore the normal trial system of the court, and make the case more accurate, more detailed, and more practical, so that it is not indulgent, not lenient, not leaking, and good. Opposing "coercion, confession, and trust" is a principle that must be observed in trial work and a prerequisite for ensuring the improvement of the quality of case handling.

At that time, in various courts, there was a telegram report. In response to this question, Xie Juezai pointed out: The Supreme People's Court must look at the case file. The president, vice president and other leading cadres have to personally handle several cases each year. He once said: "You must be cautious in killing people. A person has only one head. If you kill it, you can't put it on again. We must be responsible to the people."

In 1961, a case was reported in Yunnan. The cause of the case was that a female landlord in her 50 s used poisonous bacteria to poison members. Xie Juezai first read the opinions of the courts at all levels. They all believed that the landlord's failure to kill was not enough for the common people to be indignant and to be sentenced to death. Then, he looked up all the files in detail and found the following doubts: first, she was picking up the fungus on the mountain with everyone, and no one could prove that she picked up the poisonous fungus; second, how toxic the fungus is, why are some people poisoned, some people are not poisoned, and there is a lack of identification materials; third, is this landlord intentionally picking up poisonous bacteria or unintentionally? If deliberately, when people told her to eat, she could have chosen some non-toxic food to cover up the matter, but she did not do so. Xie Juezai thought, the local court in these issues are not clear in the case of hasty judgment, whether because the defendant is a landlord and inference is her intentional crime factors? For the sake of prudence, Xie Juezai instructions to return the case file, please Yunnan Provincial Higher People's Court to re-investigate, and then send the material. After the Yunnan Provincial Higher People's Court sent someone to re-investigate, it was proved that the landlord could not tell whether the fungus was poisonous or non-toxic, and could not find any evidence to prove that she had picked up the fungus. At that time, she did not eat it because she had left some at home when picking up the fungus. She had cooked it and had eaten enough, not for any other reason. As a result, the case was changed from death penalty to acquittal and written to the Supreme People's Court for examination.

Through the correction of this wrong case, Xie Juezai warned the leading cadres of the court that they must look at the case file in person. He said: "I really feel that you do not look at the case file carefully and do not analyze the case. If there is such a wrong case, you will lose the people's trust in the court. sweat!" In the end, he said earnestly: "The unjust and wrong case cannot be simply regarded as a solution to the problem of the party concerned. In fact, it is to recover the adverse effects. You must not be negligent!"

August 28, 2017 Source: Learning Times