On the Centennial Struggle of the Party from the Three "Historical Resolutions"

Editor's note: Treating history cautiously and objectively evaluating history with a solemn attitude and scientific spirit is an important sign of the maturity of a political party's thinking. The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Hundred Years of Struggle" approved by the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China is the third "historical resolution" formed in the history of the Communist Party of China ". A scientific understanding of the background, main content, and historical value of the three "historical resolutions" will help us establish a correct view of party history and a large view of history, deepen our understanding of Chinese Marxism and the laws of the Communist Party of China, and make unremitting efforts to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the new journey.
Prudent treatment of history and objective evaluation of history with a solemn attitude and a scientific spirit are important signs of the maturity of a political party's thinking. Over the past century, in the great journey of uniting and leading the Chinese people to carry out revolution, construction, and reform, an important experience of the Communist Party of China is that it is good at making a profound summary of the party's struggle practice in the form of "historical resolution" at major juncture. In the history of the Communist Party of China, two "historical resolutions" have been formed, the "Resolution on Certain Historical Issues" and the "Resolution on Certain Historical Issues of the Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China". The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Centennial Struggle" is the third "historical resolution". A scientific understanding of the background, main content, and historical value of the three "historical resolutions" will help us establish a correct view of party history and a large view of history, deepen our understanding of the Chinese Marxist theory and the ruling law of the Communist Party of China, and work hard in the new journey to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
　The background of the formulation of the three "historical resolutions"
The formulation of the Resolution on Certain Historical Issues is inseparable from the rectification movement. The rectification movement aims to overcome the wrong tendency to dogmatize Marxism, to sanctify the resolutions of the Communist International and the experience of the Soviet Union, and to establish the Marxist ideological line of seeking truth from facts. In order to consolidate the achievements of the rectification movement and thoroughly solve the party's historical problems, the Central Committee decided to draft a resolution on the party's historical problems. In April 1945, the Seventh Plenary Session of the enlarged Sixth Central Committee of the Party passed the "Resolution on Certain Historical Issues." The "historical resolution" is the crystallization of the wisdom of the whole party. As Comrade Mao Zedong said, "a historical resolution has been made for many times. How many pairs of eyes can be seen? It is not enough for the Central Committee to look at dozens of pairs of eyes alone. There are not many problems to come up with, and after everyone has looked at it and studied it, many problems have come up."
The resolution on some historical issues of the party since the founding of the people's Republic of China was born in the great historical turning point in the early stage of reform and opening up. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, how to evaluate the history of the party since the founding of New China, especially how to evaluate the historical status of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, has become an important political issue of great concern inside and outside the party and even internationally. The Party Central Committee believes that it is necessary to correctly understand the path the party has taken since the founding of New China and scientifically summarize the party's historical experience during this period. As Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "The problems of the past are over, and a summary is needed. It is impossible not to take this step." In November 1979, under the personal auspices of Deng Xiaoping, the drafting of the second "historical resolution" was officially launched. After more than a year of drafting, after many discussions and revisions, the document was examined and adopted at the sixth Plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee held in June 1981.
The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Centennial Struggle" is a systematic summary and comprehensive review of the party's century-old struggle, especially the 40-year struggle of reform and opening up, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. Over the past 100 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people have won the great victory of the new democratic revolution, made great achievements in socialist revolution and construction, reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and created a new historical glory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. In the critical period of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, comprehensively sum up the major achievements and historical experience of the party's century-old struggle, and see clearly from the party's century-old struggle why we were able to succeed in the past, understand how we can continue to succeed in the future, learn from history, and create the future. It is extremely necessary for the new era to better uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics and achieve the second centenary goal. It can be said that the third "historical resolution" has played a role in connecting the past and the future.
　　The main contents of the three "historical resolutions"　
The Resolution on Certain Historical Issues is divided into seven parts. The first part summarizes the brilliant achievements made by the Communist Party of China since its founding, and affirms that Comrade Mao Zedong's theory and practice of the Chinese revolution are representatives of the combination of the universal truth of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution. The second part briefly expounds the history of the Party during the period of the Great Revolution and the Agrarian Revolutionary War. The third and 4. five parts summarize the "left" and right deviation mistakes in the party after the failure of the revolution in 1927, and focus on the in-depth analysis of the root causes of the third "left" wrong line. Part VI explains the scientific principles and attitudes towards historical issues within the Party. The seventh part highly appraises the struggle direction of the party and the broad masses of the people represented by Comrade Mao Zedong, and affirms Comrade Mao Zedong's leading position in the whole party.
The Resolution on Certain Historical Issues of the Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China is divided into eight parts. The first part reviews the course of the new democratic revolutionary struggle carried out by the people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The second to fifth parts make a comprehensive discussion on the history of 32 years after the founding of the people's Republic of China, pointing out that the achievements we have made in the past 32 years after the founding of the people's Republic of China are the main ones, and it is wrong to ignore the mistakes or deny the achievements. The sixth part expounds the great turning point in the realization of the cause of the party and the state since the end of the "Cultural Revolution. The seventh part evaluates the historical position of Mao Zedong and fully discusses the great significance of Mao Zedong Thought as the guiding ideology of the party. The eighth part affirms the correct path of building a modern and powerful socialist country that has been gradually established since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, and further points out the direction for the continued advancement of my country's socialist cause and party work. The question of what kind of socialism to build and how to build socialism in China was initially raised.
The "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Hundred Years of Struggle" consists of seven parts. There are two major characteristics in the content: first, unlike the previous two historical resolutions, which mainly sum up the party's historical lessons and distinguish between right and wrong in history, this time mainly summarizes the party's major achievements and historical experience in a century of struggle; second, highlight the focus of the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and use a large space to summarize the original ideas, transformative practices, breakthroughs and landmark achievements since the 18th CPC National Congress. The "Resolution" profoundly summarized the ten valuable historical experiences of the party's century-old struggle, and emphasized: "This is a valuable experience accumulated through long-term practice and a spiritual wealth created by the party and the people. It must be cherished, persisted for a long time, and Continuously enrich and develop in the practice of the new era." It reveals the historical logic, theoretical logic and practical logic of the party in uniting and leading the Chinese people to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. It is an important Marxist programmatic document.
　　The Historical Value of the Three Historical Resolutions
First of all, the three "historical resolutions" provide a scientific world outlook and methodology for establishing a correct view of party history. The world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism shine with the brilliance of Marxist philosophy, and it is a powerful weapon for our party to understand, analyze and solve problems. The three "historical resolutions" run through the party's century-old struggle. Therefore, we must grasp the background of the formulation of the three "historical resolutions" from a long period of time, and we must dialectically look at the two different historical periods before and after the reform and opening up. The evaluation of historical figures should be based on a comprehensive understanding of historical conditions and historical processes and a scientific grasp of historical laws. It is precisely by adhering to this world outlook and methodology that the three "historical resolutions" have become programmatic documents that unify the will of the whole party and stand the test of history. This principle and method are still the basic principles for us to establish a correct view of party history, study and study of party history in the future.
Secondly, the three "historical resolutions" provide an important guarantee for maintaining the unity and unity of the party. Safeguarding the unity and unity of the party is the common starting point and goal of the three "historical resolutions. The first "historical resolution" unified the thinking of the whole party, united the comrades in the party, and made political, organizational, and ideological preparations for the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan. The second "historical resolution" has had a far-reaching impact on unifying the ideological understanding of the whole Party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups in the country, working with one heart and one mind, and striving for the realization of new historical tasks. The third "historical resolution" was put forward in the context of the unprecedented changes in the past century. It is of great significance to firmly maintain the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping's Party Central Committee and the core position of the whole party, firmly maintain the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership, and strengthen the whole party. A high degree of political, ideological, and organizational unity is of great significance.
Finally, the three "historical resolutions" provide a fundamental basis for summing up the party's history and continuously forging ahead. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed, "History, reality and the future are interlinked. History is the reality of the past, and reality is the history of the future." Summing up history is to better open up the future. The three "historical resolutions" were all formulated at critical moments in history to promote the party's progress and development, but they all adhered to the clear orientation of "looking forward. The reason why the first "historical resolution" was submitted to the Seventh Plenary session of the sixth CPC Central Committee was that Mao Zedong believed that "this is a policy issue and is not decided casually, because it can prevent the Congress from focusing on historical issues". The second "historical resolution" was submitted to the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee for discussion out of this consideration. The third "Historical Resolution" summarizes historical achievements and experience, and aims to learn from history, grasp the general trend of historical development, strengthen ideals and beliefs, and keep in mind the original mission on the new road to achieving the second centenary goal. Perseverance strives to achieve the set goals, and unremittingly promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the soberness of a hundred miles.
 

Source: China Women's Daily