The Historical Mission and Times Value of "Two Resolutions"

After a hundred years of struggle, the Communist Party of China can become the largest ruling party in the world, and China under her leadership can become the largest socialist country in the world, and leap from a poor and backward country to the second largest economy in the world. ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich to becoming strong. In order to achieve such a great change, the two "historical resolutions" of the resolution on some historical issues and the resolution on some historical issues of the party since the founding of the people's Republic of China have played a role in fixing the sea. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: We must establish a correct view of party history; we must adhere to our party's two resolutions on historical issues and the relevant spirit of the Party Central Committee as the basis, and accurately grasp the main theme and mainstream essence of the party's historical development. This is of great significance for a correct understanding of the Party's century-long arduous exploration and magnificent history.
How the two resolutions came about.
The first "historical resolution" ("resolution on certain historical issues") was born in 1945, when the whole nation was about to win the war of resistance. It was drafted during the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in May 1944. After 15 months, it was finally adopted at the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee on August 9, 1945 (that is, one week before the Japanese government announced its surrender).
The formulation of this "resolution" is closely related to the Yan'an rectification movement. The purpose of the Yan'an rectification movement is to study Marxist theory and sum up the party's historical experience and lessons, criticize the erroneous tendency of dogmatizing Marxism, sanctification of the resolutions of the Communist International and the experience of the Soviet Union, and establish the Marxist ideological line of seeking truth from facts, so as to better play the leading role of the party in winning the final victory of the whole nation's Anti Japanese war. Through three years of rectification study, the majority of party members and cadres, especially senior cadres, have unprecedentedly improved their ability and level of using Marxist standpoints and methods to study and solve specific problems of the Chinese revolution, and basically clarified the right and wrong of the party's historical issues. The whole party has a more correct understanding of the party's history and has initially reached ideological unity. This "resolution" is the theoretical crystallization of the Yan'an rectification movement. It is based on the draft conclusion on the central leadership line since the Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee drafted by Mao Zedong as the initial basis, and is formed by absorbing the new understanding in the later stage of the rectification movement. Finally, it has been revised and completed by Mao Zedong for many times. Mao Zedong played a decisive role in its drafting and finalization.
The second "Historical Resolution" ("Resolution on Certain Historical Issues of the Party Since the Founding of the People's Republic") was born in 1981 at the beginning of reform and opening up. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China achieved a great turning point since the founding of New China, how to treat the major historical issues in the past 30 years has become a hot issue of great concern to the party and all walks of life. Due to the extreme left of the "Cultural Revolution", the 17-year history after the founding of New China has been seriously distorted and needs to be set right. Only by correctly evaluating the history of the "Cultural Revolution" and the merits and mistakes of the party's main leaders, and unifying the thinking of the whole party and the people of the whole country, can the people of the whole country unite and work together to carry out the "four modernizations" construction.
The drafting of this "resolution" began in October 1979. After 20 months of repeated revisions, it was passed by the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party at the end of June 1981. Deng Xiaoping played the role of "chief designer" in its drafting and validation. In the top leadership of the Central Committee, he presided over the drafting of this "resolution" from beginning to end ". specifically, the guiding ideology of the 'resolution' was put forward by him; the framework structure of the 'resolution' was designed by him; the major events, important meetings, and evaluations of important people involved in the 'resolution' were identified by him; the 'resolution' was responsible for such things as not talking about line errors and line struggles any more, for making mistakes in the past, it is up to the central leadership to assume more responsibility for grasping some major theoretical and historical issues. He particularly emphasized that the "resolution" to write the historical positioning of Comrade Mao Zedong must stand the test of history, write the banner role of Mao Zedong Thought, and resolutely resist those wrong opinions; if this requirement is not met, this "Resolution" would rather not do it. He always insisted on looking at the party's historical issues from a political perspective and overall awareness, especially always emphasizing the historical evaluation of Mao Zedong and the guiding role of Mao Zedong Thought, which are issues related to the future and destiny of the party and the country. Practice over the past few decades has proved that Deng Xiaoping's above-mentioned clear and firm political decision and grasp are completely correct. This "resolution" enabled our party and country to avoid repeating the mistakes of the Soviet Union, and achieved a historical leap since the reform and opening up.
What is the historical mission of the "two resolutions"?
Regarding the historical mission of the first "resolution", Mao Zedong actually explained it in his "Learning and Current Affairs" report in April 1944. He pointed out: The Central Committee believes that cadres should be completely clear about the historical issues within the party. "In dealing with historical issues this time, we should not focus on the responsibilities of some individual comrades, but should focus on the analysis of the environment at that time, the content of the mistakes at that time, the social, historical and ideological roots of the mistakes at that time, and implement the policy of punishing the past and the future, curing the disease and saving people. In order to achieve the two goals of clarifying ideas and uniting comrades." "This is one of the hallmarks of the prosperity of our party." A month later, the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee decided to set up a "preparatory committee for the resolution on historical issues within the party" and began the drafting of the "resolution.
The first "resolution" took on the historical mission of Mao Zedong and made three pioneering contributions in the 100-year history of the party. The first is to clearly point out for the first time in the form of important documents of the party that the party has "formed a Sinicized Marxist-Leninist ideological system-Mao Zedong Thought system" in the process of long-term struggle, and created the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism and China's specific reality. The theoretical innovation of combining the first; and highly appraised Mao Zedong's outstanding contribution to the continuous victory of the Chinese revolution led by Mao Zedong. This laid a solid foundation for the Seventh National Congress of the Party to formally establish Mao Zedong Thought as the party's guiding ideology and Mao Zedong's leadership position. The second is to discuss the right and wrong of the party's historical issues for the first time, so that the whole party has a more correct understanding of the development process since the founding of the party, initially realized the unity of the party's thinking, and created our party's analysis of historical issues from a Marxist point of view. The precedent laid a scientific foundation for the formation of a century of party history and the fine tradition of constantly summing up historical experience. Third, it is the first time to carry out a knife-edge self-revolution through rectification, without adopting the method of "cruel struggle and merciless attack." however, in the important documents of the party, it is emphasized that "we should not only clarify our thinking, but also unite comrades." uniting comrades of the whole party is like a harmonious family, like a solid piece of steel ". This created a correct mechanism for using the "unity-criticism-unity" method to deal with contradictions within the party and correct mistakes, and laid a good foundation for the Seventh National Congress of the Party to become a "united conference and a victorious conference. These are unprecedented great creations in the history of Marxist political parties.
The historical mission of the second "resolution", Deng Xiaoping clearly put forward three points: First, establish the historical position of Comrade Mao Zedong, and uphold and develop Mao Zedong Thought. He believes that this is the core one. We must clearly write down the merits and mistakes of Comrade Mao Zedong, the content of Mao Zedong Thought, and the guiding role of Mao Zedong Thought in our current and future work. Not only today, but also in the future, we must hold high the banner of Mao Zedong Thought. This issue is demonstrated, elaborated and summarized. Second, it is necessary to make a realistic analysis of the major events in the history of the 30 years since the founding of New China, which are correct and which are wrong, including a fair evaluation of the merits and faults of some responsible comrades. Third, through this resolution, we should make a basic summary of the past. This summary should be rough rather than detailed. Summing up the past is to guide everyone to look forward in unity. "After the resolution is passed, the thinking within the party and among the people will be clarified, and the understanding will be unanimous, and the discussion of major issues in history will basically come to an end.
The second "resolution" shouldered this historical mission and made four outstanding contributions in the history of the party. First, it made a scientific summary of the party's history, especially the history after the founding of New China, and evaluated a number of major historical events and historical figures in a practical and realistic manner. Together with the first "resolution", it laid the benchmark for writing the 28-year history of the party's leadership of the revolution, and made a key comment on the history after the founding of New China; it not only faced the twists and turns and setbacks that the party experienced in exploring the road of building socialism, but also clearly pointed out that the overall achievements of the party and the country since the founding of New China are the main. Second, it fundamentally negates the erroneous theory and practice of the "Cultural Revolution" and "continuing revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat", and makes a profound analysis of the direct causes and complex social and historical roots of the "Cultural Revolution. Third, evaluate Mao Zedong's historical position realistically, fully affirm that he has established an indelible feat for the creation of the the People's Republic of China and the development of my country's socialist cause; make a comprehensive scientific summary of the Mao Zedong Thought system, and emphasize Mao Zedong Thought as The great significance of the party's guiding ideology. Fourthly, it made an in-depth analysis of the great turning point achieved at the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, and for the first time put forward the idea of the primary stage of socialism, and made an important summary of the basic points of the road to socialist modernization that the Party gradually established after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and suited to China's conditions, and essentially raised the question of what kind of socialism to build in China and how to build socialism, it laid a scientific foundation for the subsequent clarification and improvement of the road, theory, system and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. These four major contributions not only unify the party's understanding of major historical and theoretical issues, but also have long-term guiding significance for the future development of China's socialist construction. Its formulation marked the completion of the Party's task of rectifying chaos in its guiding ideology after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.
How to Understand the Times Value of "Two Resolutions"
Mao Zedong had an evaluation of the first "resolution" and believed that its basic idea was good. Deng Xiaoping also made an evaluation of the second "resolution", believing that it was a good resolution and believed that it could withstand the test of history. Decades of history have passed, and the "two resolutions" have withstood the test of time, and they are still the guidelines for our party to correctly grasp history and guide current work. The era value of "two resolutions" can be recognized from three dimensions:
(I), from the perspective of historical cognition, most of the discussions on major events, important meetings, and important figures in that period of history in the first "resolution" are not outdated, and they are still the basic basis for us to understand those issues. The second "resolution" is not outdated in its comments on major events, important meetings, and important figures in the history of the Party since the founding of New China, and is still the basic basis for our understanding of these issues. In particular, the "two resolutions" fully affirmed Mao Zedong's great historical achievements and emphasized that Mao Zedong Thought is the guiding ideology that our party must adhere to for a long time. As Deng Xiaoping pointed out, as a symbol of the country, we will always commemorate Mao Zedong as the founder of our party and country. "The banner of Mao Zedong Thought must not be lost. Losing this banner would in fact negate the glorious history of our Party." Therefore, we must always hold high the great banner of Mao Zedong Thought.
(II) from the perspective of ideological methods, the "two resolutions" analyze and evaluate the party's historical issues since the founding of the party and since the founding of the people's position (the people's position), viewpoint (historical materialism), and method (dialectics of adopting an analytical attitude towards history). It is not outdated, and we still need to adhere to and follow it today. The fundamental purpose of our party is to serve the people wholeheartedly. In the final analysis, the cause of revolution, construction, and reform carried out in the 100 years since the founding of the party is to fight for the people and guard the country. The party comes from the people, relies on the people, serves the people, and benefits the people. This is the logic of continuous development and the password for victory over the past 100 years. The people's position, historical materialism and dialectical methods adhered to in the analysis and evaluation of the party's history by the "two resolutions" are the precious wealth of a century-old strong party and a magic weapon that cannot be left at any time.
(III), from the perspective of logical speculation, an important aspect of Marxist understanding of objective things is to adhere to the high degree of unity of epistemology, methodology and logic. Only in this way can we reveal the essence of things through complex phenomena and achieve truth understanding. This kind of speculative thinking is still worth learning and mastering. The first "resolution" adheres to the dialectical logic of Marxism, uses speculative thinking, and analyzes the content and content of Wang Ming's "Left" dogmatism in politics, military, organization and ideology by comparing with Mao Zedong's thoughts and policies. The harm is analyzed in depth. The second "resolution" adheres to the dialectical logic of Marxism and uses speculative thinking to make an in-depth analysis of the history of nearly 30 years after the founding of New China, and puts forward four important differences: first, to distinguish Mao Zedong Thought from Mao Zedong's mistakes in his later years; second, to distinguish Mao Zedong's mistakes in his later years from the criminal activities of Lin Biao and the Gang of four; the third is to distinguish the theory and practice of the "Cultural Revolution" from the "Cultural Revolution" period as a concept of time; the fourth is to abandon the slogan of "continuing the revolution under the dictatorship of the proletariat" with a specific meaning, and continue to carry out all aspects. Distinguish from the struggle and carry forward the revolutionary spirit. The above-mentioned differences have solved some historical problems that have long been plagued by the metaphysical thinking of either/or. This plays an important and positive role in correctly understanding the extremely complicated history of the "Cultural Revolution. The "two resolutions" is a model for accurately grasping the main theme and mainstream essence of the party's historical development.
The "two resolutions" are a banner of the correct view of party history advocated by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core. Mao Zedong said that wherever there is a crowd, there will be a left, middle and right. Our country is a large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, and our party is a large party with more than 9500 million members. What does it rely on to form a consensus on the Party's historical issues? It is, as General Secretary Xi Jinping has said, to adhere to the two resolutions of our Party on historical issues and the relevant spirit of the Party Central Committee. We must not forget the road we have traveled. "No matter how far we go, no matter how glorious the future is, we must not forget the past". Adhering to the "two resolutions" is the guideline for our party to open up a brighter future on the basis of a century of blazing blue threads and creating brilliance.

Source: Beijing Daily