The innovation engine is stronger ("13th Five-Year Plan", we walked through it this way)

Flying 0.475 billion kilometers, my country's first Mars exploration mission "Tianwen No. 1" probe successfully orbited Mars, and implemented the Mars exploration mission of "orbiting, flying, and patrolling" as planned, constantly refreshing the nine-day altitude of China;

The successful trial run of the high-speed maglev test prototype with independent intellectual property rights at a speed of 600 kilometers per hour indicates that my country has achieved a major breakthrough in the field of high-speed maglev technology, and its strength interprets the faster and faster Chinese speed;

Diving 10909 meters, the 10,000-meter manned submersible "Striver", which can carry three people to dive at the same time, set a new record for China's manned deep diving, showing the world the depth of independent innovation in China;

During the 13th Five Year Plan period, China has deeply implemented the innovation driven development strategy, and made landmark achievements in scientific and technological innovation.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "Science and technology are the sharp weapon of the country, the country depends on it to be strong, enterprises depend on it to win, and people's lives depend on it to be good. If China is to be strong and the Chinese people's lives are better, there must be strong science and technology." Over the past five years, the contribution rate of China's scientific and technological progress has increased from 55.3 per cent to 59.5 per cent, the innovation system has become more sound, the innovation environment has been continuously optimized, and the ability to innovate has been significantly enhanced. Scientific and technological innovation has provided strong support for building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development.

Scientific and technological strength leaps to a new level

The melody of scientific and technological innovation is surging. my country has made great efforts to strengthen basic research and key core technologies, and the continuous emergence of major innovations has made the Chinese people proud. "Chang'e" lunar exploration, "Beidou" networking, "Shenzhou" flying, "Sky Eye" air patrol, "Dragon" into the sea, "Kun Dragon" water ...... A number of "national heavy equipment" have appeared; iron-based superconductivity, quantum information, stem cells, synthetic biology and other fields have emerged with international influence of the original results.

Basic research and applied basic research have been significantly enhanced--

"Thirteen-Five" closing year, the field of quantum science and technology again spread good news. The quantum computing prototype "Nine Chapters" came out, solving the mathematical algorithm "Gaussian Bose sampling", "Nine Chapters" takes only 200 seconds, and the world's fastest supercomputer takes 0.6 billion years. This breakthrough makes China the second country in the world to achieve "quantum superiority.

Bao Xinhe, deputy to the National People's Congress and president of the University of Science and Technology of China, said: "In recent years, my country has made a series of major breakthroughs in the quantum field. The key is to continuously strengthen basic research."

Over the past five years, China has increased investment in major national scientific and technological infrastructure, made breakthroughs in a number of experiments on magnetic confinement nuclear fusion large scientific devices, and completed and put into use the "China Sky Eye" and spallation neutron source, thus continuously improving China's original innovation capability.

This is an unforgettable picture. Dawotang, Pingtang County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province, surrounded by mountains, the 500-meter spherical radio telescope known as the "Chinese Sky Eye" stands quietly. As the world's largest and most sensitive radio telescope, "Sky Eye" has discovered 279 pulsars since its opening on September 25, 2016, more than twice the total number of pulsars discovered by other international telescopes during the same period.

"Basic research is the master switch of scientific and technological innovation and an inexhaustible source of scientific and technological innovation." Long Haibo, a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council, said.

Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, China has placed basic research in an increasingly important position. The R & D expenditure of the whole society increased from 1.42 trillion yuan in 2015 to 2.21 trillion yuan in 2019, and the basic research expenditure more than doubled, reaching 133.6 billion yuan in 2019. There are more and more breakthroughs in "from 0 to 1", and scientific and technological strength has gradually moved from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap, from point breakthroughs to system capability improvement.

New progress has been made in key core technology breakthroughs--

On January 3, 2019, the Chang'e -4 probe successfully landed on the far side of the moon, opening a new chapter in human lunar exploration. On December 17, 2020, the Chang'e -5 probe successfully returned to the scheduled landing area of Siziwang Banner in Inner Mongolia with samples taken from the moon.

Wu Weiren, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and chief designer of China's lunar exploration project, said that in the face of the complex and unknown space environment and the problems of far-reaching space measurement and control communication, the lunar exploration project development team dared to innovate and explore, broke through a number of key technologies, and achieved a series of original space science achievements. China's lunar exploration project has achieved "six battles and six victories".

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China accelerated its breakthrough in key core technologies. Some of the core components of the domestic computer have the ability to replace, the successful maiden flight of the C919 large aircraft, the maiden voyage of the Xuelong II to the South Pole, the first trial voyage of the "Tiankun", the successful launch of scientific experimental satellites such as Wukong, Mozi and the Carbon Satellite ...... A series of exciting achievements, highlighting China's determination and confidence in achieving scientific and technological self-reliance.

Support high-quality development and achieve new results

5G calls, 4K panels, high-definition cameras, microphone arrays... During the Spring Festival, a hot pot restaurant in Shenzhen, Guangdong "cloud rooms" fire. Here, customers can interact with relatives and friends online on the same screen and remotely, and the ultra-low sound and picture delay is even shorter than the blink of an eye. Most of this unique experience of "reunion on the cloud" comes from "created in China".

During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, China vigorously promoted the deep integration of science and technology with the economy and society, and supported and led high-quality development to achieve new results.

Major projects lead the leapfrog development of key areas--

"In the field of ultra-large capacity, ultra-long distance and ultra-high speed optical transmission, we have achieved the world's leading position six times in five years, jumping from T-class capacity at the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan to today's P-bit ultra-large capacity." Yu Shaohua, a representative of the National People's Congress and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, introduced that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's information and communication technology has achieved leapfrog development in many fields, with breakthroughs in 5G, high-end optoelectronics, integrated circuit chips and other fields, and independent innovation capabilities Continuous improvement.

In the past five years, driven by major national science and technology projects, China's domestic chips, operating systems and computer machine independent support capabilities have been further improved; 5G has been successfully commercialized, 718000 base stations have been built, accounting for nearly 70% of the world; a number of high-end machine tools and equipment have been successfully developed; the third generation of non-active nuclear power technology, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is the world leader; independent research and development of 235 new drugs ...... New achievements, new technologies, to contribute to scientific and technological innovation and economic and social development.

Science and technology strongly support industrial upgrading--

"To promote the quality of economic development change, efficiency change, power change, can not be separated from the ability of scientific and technological innovation." Yang Yuanqing, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, said that since 2016, Lenovo Group has helped more than 50 small and medium-sized component manufacturers to carry out intelligent transformation, and has also provided data intelligence solutions for hundreds of large manufacturing enterprises. Intelligent manufacturing and digital management have strongly promoted the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.

Over the past five years, China has further promoted the innovation-driven development strategy, and the leading role of science and technology has been increasing. China's new energy vehicles, new display among the forefront of the world, artificial intelligence and other technologies rapid application. The development momentum of continuous shifting, the science and technology of iterative growth, and the flourishing innovation and creation continue to inject new momentum into high-quality development and open up new horizons for economic growth. From 2016 to 2019, the added value of strategic emerging industries in industries above designated size grew at an average annual rate of 10.4 per cent.

Further enhancement of the dominant position of enterprise innovation--

"The dominant position of enterprise innovation has been continuously strengthened, and my country's diversified investment system for technological innovation is gradually being established." Li Yanhong, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman and CEO of Baidu, said that as the main body of technological innovation, enterprises should not only continue to increase R & D investment, but also take the initiative to work hard on basic research, basic technology and bottom-level innovation.

Over the past five years, China's innovation elements have been gathering to enterprises. In 2019, all kinds of enterprise research and experimental development expenditure of 1692.18 billion billion yuan, accounting for 76.4 of the whole society's R & D expenditure, the country's high-tech enterprises reached 225000. In 2020, there are 246000 domestic enterprises with valid invention patents, and high-tech enterprises have 922000 valid invention patents. More and more domestic enterprises began to look to science and technology, innovation as the lifeline of their own development.

Scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship form a new ecology

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the reform of my country's science and technology system and mechanism continued to deepen, and a package of real, practical, and hard moves was loud.

"Substantial progress has been made in the reform of key areas and key links, forming a complete implementation system from laws, policies, measures to actions, and further releasing the huge potential of the first productive force of science and technology, the first driving force of innovation, and the first resource of talents." Minister of science and technology Wang Zhigang summed up the "13th Five-Year" science and technology system reform "report card".

To reduce the burden of scientific research personnel, release the vitality of innovation and creativity--

"There are fewer forms to fill in, faster approvals, fewer errands to run, and easier reimbursement!" Liu Hongwei, an associate researcher at the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that since the approval authority for funding adjustments has been delegated, there is no longer a lot of energy to focus on budget and reimbursement, and there is more time for breeding research.

Improve the management of funds so that funds serve people's creative activities. In the past five years, my country's scientific research projects and funding management have been continuously optimized, and measures such as increasing the proportion of indirect costs and setting up a pilot "contract system" of funding have won praise from scientific researchers.

Reform the evaluation system, talent evaluation is no longer "only paper". Over the past five years, China has steadily promoted the reform of "project evaluation, talent evaluation and institutional evaluation" of science and technology, implemented the special action of "only thesis, only title, only education, only award", and gradually established a classified evaluation system guided by the quality, contribution and performance of scientific and technological innovation.

Give more autonomy to scientific research institutions and researchers. In the past five years, my country has deepened the reform of "delegation, management and service" in the field of science and technology, and promoted 44 universities and scientific research institutes to carry out pilot reforms to expand scientific research autonomy. A series of measures have greatly stimulated the innovative vitality of talents, and the emergence of leading talents and innovative teams has accelerated.

Accelerated aggregation of innovation and entrepreneurship, and the effect of technology on wealth creation is obvious--

"Knowledge is more valuable. In recent years, with the implementation of national and provincial policies to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, researchers can get up to about 90% of the results of the transformation of income. Many computer patents in our college have been transformed through enterprises, and everyone is more motivated to transform scientific and technological achievements." National People's Congress, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Dean of Computer Science and Technology Feng Dan said.

During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, my country has continued to enhance its ability to transform scientific and technological achievements, allowing more scientific and technological achievements to move from laboratories to industrial applications. The incentive policy oriented by knowledge value has been implemented in depth, and a large number of cases of achievement transformation of more than 100 million yuan have emerged, so that researchers can "gain both fame and money". In 2019, there were more than 1000 technology trading markets nationwide, and the turnover of technology contracts reached 2 trillion yuan for the first time, 3.5 times that of 2012.

Over the past five years, China's scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship have formed a new ecology, innovation and entrepreneurship policies have become more sound, and intellectual property protection has become more stringent, which has effectively promoted the rapid development of new technologies, new business type and new models and the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure. the pace of transforming scientific and technological value into economic value has been accelerated.

In September 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at a symposium of scientists: "Now, China's economic and social development and the improvement of people's livelihood need scientific and technological solutions more than ever before, and it is all the more necessary to enhance the first driving force of innovation."

Today's world is undergoing major changes unseen in a century. The domestic and foreign environment facing my country's development has undergone profound and complex changes. my country's "14th Five-Year Plan" period and longer-term development have put forward more urgent requirements for accelerating scientific and technological innovation. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, the vast number of scientific and technological workers in our country will certainly be able to take advantage of the situation, bravely climb the peak, adhere to the "four aspects," and constantly march into the breadth and depth of science and technology. write a new chapter of more magnificent scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement.

Source: People's Daily Online