Qin jiwei, the tiger of shangganling

On October 14, 1952, the Battle of Shangganling began. This battle attracted worldwide attention. When the US military focused on Shangganling, it actually focused on the Five Sacred Mountains behind Shangganling-the highest commanding height of the central battlefield. The 15th Volunteer Army under Qin's command fought life and death for 43 days, beat back more than 900 enemy attacks, and finally won a great victory. qin jiwei became famous in the first world war.

Preemptive Strategic Operations

The first reason for the victory of the Battle of Shangganling was the correct strategic prediction. on 13 October, the day before the battle, qin jiwei thought that the enemy might choose a direction I was not paying attention to to attack suddenly, and this situation must be vigilant and prepared.

According to the regular strategic judgment, the possibility of the US and South Korean troops attacking the West Mountain and seizing the Pingkang Plain is extremely high. Therefore, the volunteers deployed elite forces here. However, the opponent first chose the five sacred mountains, which are easy to defend and difficult to attack, as the main direction of attack and launched a frenzied bombardment. On the first day of the battle, more than 300,000 shells were fired and more than 500 bombs were dropped on two hills with only 3.7 square kilometers, with an average of 45 tons of shells and explosives per square kilometer.

What the U.S. military did not expect was that Qin Kiwei commanded the 44th Division of the Western Mountain to stand still and hold back from the side. The 45th Division resisted tenaciously and firmly held its position in Shangganling, and finally completely broke the U.S. military's attempt to strike east and west. In his later years, Qin Jiwei said in an interview that the commander of the U.S. Eighth Army, Van Friet, "had one eye on the Five Sacred Mountains, and the other eye must have been so wide that the boss peeped at my Western Mountains" "It was only in the Western Mountains that we had stayed put. If we used the 44th Division of the Western Mountains because of the tension in the Shangganling War, Van Friet was likely to return for a shot".

Excellent military command ability

The victory of the Battle of Shangganling reflected Qin Jiwei's superb command art. His eclectic innovative thinking, continuous strategic and tactical exploration, new equipment and technology research, tactical command innovation, experience of outstanding military command ability, but also determine the success of the battlefield.

"Go ahead" to build tunnels. One of the important reasons why the Shangganling campaign was able to hold out until the final victory was that Qin Ji Wei made great efforts to build tunnels and fortifications, and explored advanced construction methods such as "slanting eyes, less charging, tight packing, firing guns, and quick smoke exhaust", which changed the original practice of digging trenches on mountain beams and digging caves to hide soldiers in the abdomen of the mountain. Qin Ji Wei once wrote in his diary: tunnel warfare is when the enemy climbs on our body, but we are like the Monkey King in "Journey to the West" and get into the enemy's heart. In the face of more than 60000 enemies, 3000 aircraft, more than 170 tanks, and more than 300 cannons with a caliber of more than 105mm, and the ground fortifications were completely destroyed, the volunteers effectively preserved their effective forces and responded in time.

Give full play to the power of artillery fire and form the advantage of artillery fire. Qin believes that giving full play to the role of artillery is not only the need to annihilate the enemy, but also the need to protect oneself. He knows that the "Katyusha" rocket has a large diameter, dense clusters, fast firing speed, strong lethality, and good maneuverability. It is most suitable for shooting large-area cluster targets. However, the 15th Army had only 24 "Katyusha", which was insignificant compared with the amount of ammunition of the US Army. qin jiwei ordered the "katyusha" to take part in the war in secret. they stopped the war and then fought, and then withdrew. the "katyusha" launched 10 times without any damage. During the Shangganling campaign, there were 16 artillery battles against the enemy, 43, 39 and 6 times of counterattack, interdiction and attack by infantry respectively, and 792 air battles, totaling 896 times, killing more than 12800 enemy troops, accounting for more than half of the total number of enemy fighters in the campaign, shooting down and injuring 74 enemy planes, 61 large caliber artillery guns and 14 tanks. In December of the same year, Mao Zedong affirmed that in this autumn's battle, I won such a victory. Apart from the bravery of the officers and soldiers, the fortifications, the proper command and the lack of supply, the fierce artillery fire and the precision of the shooting were indeed the key factors for victory.

Create the miracle of infantry hitting airplanes. At that time, the United Nations forces had air control and often flew at low altitudes, disrupting our military's combat deployment and speed of action. Qin Kiwei boldly pointed out that the American plane is not a big deal. Even if we can't shoot it down, we must drive it to high altitude so that it dare not fly low. In two days on April 23 and 25, 1951, the 113th regiment of the 15th Army shot down five aircraft in a row, and captured a number of US pilots who parachuted, setting the highest record for a volunteer infantry regiment to hit enemy aircraft. On the 27th, the Volunteer Army Command commended the army: "From the 22nd to the 26th, 11 enemy planes were shot down within four days. The results are great and worthy of praise." As a result, various units of the volunteer army have set off an upsurge of infantry flying planes.

The will to defy a strong enemy

The battle-hardened Qin Jiwei once lamented that the Battle of Shangganling was the most brutal battle in his life. Before going to the Korean battlefield, Qin jiwei shouted out the heroic words of "my name is not on the list of heroes, so I will be on the monument of martyrs" and asked to lead the 15th army into the DPRK to participate in the war. The Battle of Shangganling is a move of Van Freet's showdown plan. If it can occupy the Five Sacred Mountains, the Chinese side will have to withdraw 1250 yards (1143 meters), and the US military can gain an advantage in the negotiations. Therefore, he plans to use artillery to attack quickly and quickly, and is expected to occupy the hill within 6 days, and the loss will not exceed 200 people at most.

Qin Kiwei realized the importance of the war, so he ordered, at all costs, not afraid of any sacrifice, in order to complete the cover task, the 15th Army is ready to fight the last soldier. The two sides suffered heavy casualties in the bitter tug-of-war over and over the high ground. At the most difficult moment of our army, Qin Jiwei called Cui Jiangong, commander of the 45th Division, and said: now the whole Korean battlefield is fighting in Shangganling, which is the glory of the 15th Army! The 15th Army has already played a very tough style. If you bite your teeth and stand up, the enemy can't match this tough force... The most difficult time for us is often the time when the enemy is more difficult, so we have to compete with the enemy for courage and will. The Shangganling battle must be fought resolutely! We just want to compare this with the Americans! In order to win the overall situation, I will also carry the coffin if I want the baby woman to go together. I will not hesitate to run out of the 15th army.

The battle of Shangganling is unprecedented, but the more the battle encounters a bottleneck, it is often the time to fight for the commander's will, determination and tenacity. The first World War in Shangganling made the whole world realize the strength of New China and proved that the bones of the Chinese people's volunteers were harder than the steel of the US military, which Zhou Enlai called a wonder in military history. Qin's heroic spirit has always run through the whole process of 15 officers and soldiers sticking to Shangganling, fighting in Shangganling, and finally winning the Shangganling campaign.

Source: Learning Times