[Party History Today] On December 9, 1935, the Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement broke out among students in Peiping

Peking University student Huang Jing speaks on the tram. (Information picture)

The vigorous December 9th Movement pushed the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement to its climax since the September 18th Incident and promoted the unprecedented awakening of the Chinese nation. The December 9th Movement was a movement to mobilize the entire nation to fight the war.
In 1935, the Japanese imperialists launched the North China Incident. The Kuomintang government continued to adhere to the policy of non-resistance, and even prepared to establish the "Ji Cha Government Affairs Committee" in December to meet the requirements of the Japanese imperialism for the specialization of the North China regime. The loss of land and power, the national crisis Unprecedented serious.
According to the situation of the deepening national crisis since the North China Incident and the spirit of the Seventh National Congress of the Communist International, on August 1, 1935, the delegation of the Communist Party of China to the Communist International drafted the "Letter of the Chinese Soviet Government and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to All Compatriots for Anti-Japanese and National Salvation", namely The famous "August 1 Manifesto", October 1, officially published in the name of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, it was published in the Salvation Daily published in Paris, France, calling for an immediate end to the civil war, a concerted anti-Japanese war, and the formation of an anti-Japanese national united front, which received enthusiastic responses from people from all walks of life across the country. Promoted the upsurge of the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement.
During the North China Incident, the underground organizations of the Beiping Party went deep into the student organizations of various colleges and universities to organize and lead the national salvation movement, which promoted the vigorous rise of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. At the moment of national peril, the patriotic students in Peiping felt bitterly that "North China is so big that a peaceful desk cannot be placed". On December 9, 1935, the Chinese people's long-suppressed anti-Japanese anger erupted like a volcano. Under the leadership of the Peiping Provisional Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, more than 6000 patriotic students from various universities and schools in Peiping rushed to the streets to participate in the anti-Japanese and national salvation petition parade.
The police authorities in Beiping learned in advance that the students were going to petition for a parade, and in the early morning they issued martial law and set up guard posts in some streets. Students outside the city, such as Tsinghua University and Yanjing University, were blocked by the military and police (note: the ancient city walls of Peiping still existed at that time, and they clashed with the military and police in Xizhimen today.). At about 10 a.m., 1000 or 2000 students in the city broke through the military police and gathered in front of Xinhua gate. They chanted slogans such as "Stop the civil war and unite with the outside world", "Down with Japanese imperialism", "Oppose the autonomy of the five provinces in North China", "Recover the lost land in Northeast China", "Down with traitors and traitors", and "Armed defense of North China", expressing the strong voice of the people of the whole country to resist Japan and save the country. On the 10th, students from all schools in Peiping announced a general strike, actively brewing and preparing for a larger demonstration.
It was learned that the National Government planned to establish the "Jiza Administrative Committee" on December 16. Under the leadership of the Peiping Party Organization of the Communist Party of China, on December 16, 1935, Peiping students and people from all walks of life held another demonstration, and the National Government once again dispatched military police. Suppress.
The patriotic action of the students in Peiping immediately received extensive responses from all over the country and the support of the people across the country. Tianjin students also formed a southward expansion propaganda group to go deep among the people to promote anti-Japanese and national salvation. Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Tianjin, Nanjing, Shanghai and other places successively held demonstrations, forming a new upsurge of the national people's anti-Japanese democratic movement.

The parade of students in Peiping. (Information picture)

The December 9th Movement took place under the leadership and call of the Communist Party of China, and the party pointed out the direction for the student movement. It publicly exposed the plot of Japanese imperialism to invade China and annex North China, attacked the compromise and surrender policy of the Kuomintang government, greatly promoted the awakening of the Chinese people, and at the same time cooperated with the Red Army to go northward to resist Japan. it promoted the development of domestic peace and the War of Resistance against Japan.

Source: Learning Power