The earliest revolutionary cadre school founded during the founding of the Party

　　In the stormy 1920 s, the early Shanghai Communist Party organized a school for training revolutionary cadres in Shikumen, No. 6, Xinyuyangli, Xiafei Road (now Huaihai Middle Road) in the French Concession, named "Foreign Language Society". Among the many cadre schools founded by the Communist Party of China, the Foreign Language Society is the earliest one. It was not only a platform for young people from all over the country who left their families and schools to study in Russia in the early days of the founding of the party, but also a place for the early organization of the Communist Party of Shanghai, which was in a secret state, to carry out revolutionary activities openly.
　　Cover revolutionary activities in the form of open school running
In January and February 1920, with the approval of the Comintern, Williamsky Sibiliakov, one of the leaders of the Vladivostok Secretariat of the Far East Bureau of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik), proposed that a delegation from the Foreign Affairs Department of the Far East Bureau should be formed to go to China as a journalist and designate Vikingsky as the person in charge. The important mission of this delegation is to "establish contacts with revolutionary organizations in China". Among the three tasks assigned to the delegation by Lenin, one of them was to "find some Chinese progressive young people to study at Moscow Oriental University and select some progressives to travel to Russia".
To arrange for progressive young people to study at Moscow Oriental University, we must first study the language in China, which urgently needs to establish a cadre school. Since the early organization of the Shanghai Communist Party was in a state of secrecy, it also needed an open place to carry out revolutionary activities. Therefore, Yang Mingzhai, an important assistant and translator of Vyjingsky, rented the Shikumen house at No.6 Xinyuyangli, Xiafei Road, French Concession in Shanghai. In September 1920, with the help of the Communist International, the Shanghai Communist Party organized and founded this revolutionary cadre school, the Foreign Language Society.
This is a Shikumen house with two floors, two floors and one patio. Upstairs are offices and dormitories, and downstairs are classrooms and restaurants. In the guest room is a large round table for more than a dozen people to eat at the same time. In the downstairs wing, rows of benches and desks were placed, and blackboards were hung. Upstairs in the wing, the guest room, set up a brown shed, played up the planking. The upstairs pavilions are the bedrooms of headmaster Yang Mingzhai and student Li Qihan who came to the school earlier. The guest hall upstairs is the central office of the Shanghai Socialist Youth League, which has desks and mimeographs. The east wing room upstairs is the dormitory of some students. Yu Xiusong, secretary of the Foreign Language Society, Liu Shaoqi and Xu Zhizhen from Hunan and Ke Qingshi from Anhui once lived here. Young people from all over the country, who are talking about the North-South tune, but like-minded people gather here. The three-foot platform is full of lofty sentiments. Although the house is small, it has the world in mind.
In this blue brick and black tile Shikumen, in addition to the Foreign Language Society, the Sino-Russian News Agency, the Shanghai Socialist Youth League, and the Education Committee were also established and worked here. It has become a public place for the Shanghai Party and League to organize revolutionary work.
　　Most of the trainees were introduced by early party organizations.
The Foreign Language Society was a school founded by the early Communist Party of Shanghai to train young revolutionary cadres. Most of the teachers were members of the early organizations of the Shanghai Communist Party, such as Yang Mingzhai who taught Russian, Li Hanjun who taught French, Li Da who taught Japanese, Shen Yanbing and Yuan Zhenying who taught English, and Chen Wangdao who taught the Communist Manifesto. In addition, Vykinsky's wife Kuznetsova and young teacher Wang Yuanling also taught Russian, as well as Stopani, who taught Esperanto.
From September 28 to October 2, 1920, the Foreign Language Society published a five-day enrollment advertisement on the first page of the Republic of China Daily. Later, he published an advertisement for recruiting new classes in the supplement "Consciousness" of the Republic of China Daily. Although the Foreign Language Society has publicly published enrollment notices, most of the students came through the early organization and recommend of the Communist Party from all over the country, and some were introduced by people. Mao Zedong, He Minfan, Chen Duxiu, Chen Wangdao, Yu Xiusong and others have introduced many revolutionary youths to the Foreign Language Society. Study. The early organization of the Shanghai Communist Party is responsible for the arrangement of accommodation, meals and other expenses for students from poor families who come to the school. The students come from all over the country, among which Hunan, Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan and other provinces have the most students.
The students' learning goal is very clear, "is to go to Russia, learn the revolutionary principles, come back to carry out revolution, and change the backward and dark old China". In addition to learning foreign languages, students are also required to learn Marxist-Leninist theoretical knowledge. More importantly, the society pays special attention to the social practice of students, arranges students to investigate in factories, helps edit newspapers and periodicals, distributes leaflets in the streets, teaches in night schools, participates in workers' strikes, etc., and carries out revolutionary activities in various forms.
　　Cultivate a large number of outstanding talents for the Chinese revolution
In order to strengthen the education and management of progressive youth, the early party organization in Shanghai set up an education committee in early 1921 on the 6th of Xinyuyangli. Bao Huiseng served as the director of the committee and Yang Mingzhai as the deputy director. The main task was to select outstanding members of the Youth League to study in Soviet Russia. During this period, the Youth League selected more than 30 students from the Foreign Language Society and sent them to Soviet Russia in batches, most of whom entered Moscow Oriental University to study. Of course, due to the needs of the revolutionary situation, some students stayed in the country to carry out the revolutionary struggle. Among these students, many later became outstanding leaders of revolution and construction, including Liu Shaoqi, Ren Bishi, Xiao Jinguang, Ren Zuomin, Ke Qingshi, etc. We must not forget Luo Yinong, Yu Xiusong, Li Qihan, Wang Shouhua, Xie Wenjin, Wang Yifei, Liang Botai, Fu Daqing, Wu Fang, Lei Jinsheng, Chen Weiren, Ye Tiandi, Liu Hanzhi and other martyrs who gave their precious lives for the Chinese revolution.
The revolutionary activities of the early party and caucus in the foreign language society still aroused the vigilance of the French concession, so on April 29, 1921, they were searched by the patrol house. Since then, the activities of the Foreign Language Society have been closely monitored by the French Concession. In August, the Foreign Language Society ended. The Foreign Language Society has existed for less than a year, but it has trained a large number of revolutionary cadres for the party organization.
Under the influence of the Russian October Socialist Revolution and the promotion of the Communist International, the Foreign Language Society was a revolutionary cadre school organized and founded by the Shanghai Communist Party in the early days. The School of Foreign Languages Society has distinctive characteristics. Since its establishment, it has left a deep red mark, reflecting the characteristics of pioneering, flexible, revolutionary and international. The Foreign Language Society promoted the development of the cadre education of the Communist Party of China and the growth of the cadre team, left a glorious chapter in the history of the Chinese revolution, and had a profound impact on the Chinese revolution.

Source: Learning Times