For the first time, China has made a comprehensive plan for the development of rural industry: rural industry, waiting for you

Source: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

 

Core Reading

Rural revitalization and industrial prosperity are the foundation. Recently, China has made a comprehensive plan for the development of rural industry for the first time. In the context of the optimization of the policy environment, the upgrading of the consumption structure, the acceleration of technological innovation and the improvement of the entrepreneurial environment, the preparation of the "Plan" is conducive to guiding more capital, talents, technology, information and other resource elements to gather in the countryside.

Rural revitalization, industrial prosperity is the foundation. Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the National Rural Industry Development Plan (2020-2025) (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"). This is the first time that China has made a comprehensive plan for the development of rural industry.

The "Plan" proposes to explore the value of rural functions, strengthen innovation and leadership, highlight clusters and chains, cultivate new momentum for development, gather resource elements, accelerate the development of rural industries, and lay a solid foundation for agricultural and rural modernization and comprehensive rural revitalization.

What is the foundation of China's rural industry development? Which areas are in the key development and promotion opportunities? How to solve the problem of "who will create", "where to create" and "how to create"? The reporter interviewed Zeng Yande, director of the Rural Industry Development Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

 

Guide more resource elements to gather in the countryside

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of China's rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment, the rapid development of rural industry has promoted the employment and income of farmers and the prosperity and development of rural areas. In 2019, the main business income of agricultural products processing industry reached 22 trillion yuan, the business income of rural leisure tourism exceeded 850 billion yuan, the output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery specialty and auxiliary activities was 650 billion yuan, and the rural network sales were 1.7 trillion yuan. The total number of innovative and entrepreneurial personnel returning to their hometown reached 8.5 million.

Zeng Yande introduced that, on the whole, rural industries still have problems such as insufficient industrial categories, short industrial chains, insufficient element vitality, and low quality and efficiency. It is urgent to strengthen guidance and support. The compilation of the "Plan" is conducive to guiding more capital, talents, technology, information and other resource elements to gather in the countryside.

The "Plan" puts forward the overall goals for the development of rural industries by 2025: a sound and complete rural industrial system, a significant improvement in the quality and efficiency of rural industries, a more optimized rural employment structure, continuous expansion of farmers' income channels, and continuous enhancement of the endogenous power of rural industries.

Specifically, the "Plan" lists a series of goals: the operating income of the agricultural product processing industry reaches 32 trillion yuan, the ratio of the agricultural product processing industry to the total agricultural output value reaches 2.8: 1, and the processing conversion rate of major agricultural products reaches 80%. Cultivate a number of advantageous and characteristic industrial clusters with output values exceeding 10 billion yuan and 100 billion yuan. Rural leisure tourism receives more than 4 billion tourists a year and its operating income exceeds 1.2 trillion yuan. The output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery specialty and auxiliary activities, and the network sales of agricultural products all reached 1 trillion yuan. More than 15 million people returned home to innovate and start businesses.

"These development goals, after expert demonstration, that is feasible." Zeng Yande introduced, mainly based on the following judgment:

The policy environment is optimized. The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the improvement of the agricultural and rural development environment, the increase of policy support, and the accumulation of more resource elements.

Consumption structure upgrade. In recent years, the consumption structure of Chinese residents has continued to upgrade, and consumer demand has shown the characteristics of individualization, diversification and high quality. With the arrival of the "Shuangkang" era of "well-off and healthy", leisure tourism and health care have gradually become a trend.

Scientific and technological innovation accelerated. At present, scientific and technological innovation is changing with each passing day, biotechnology, information technology, and artificial intelligence technology are widely used, and the agricultural product processing industry has entered a new stage of development.

Improving the entrepreneurial environment. The continuous improvement of the rural innovation and entrepreneurship environment will guide a group of migrant workers to return to their hometowns to start businesses, guide a group of college students and scientific and technological personnel to start businesses in the countryside, and will also encourage rural capable people to start businesses in the countryside, setting off an upsurge of passionate entrepreneurship and employment to become rich.

 

Rural industry has broad prospects and huge room for improvement

The planting base of Rosa roxburghii industry in Daao, Yanshan Town, Guiding County, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province, has undulating peaks and mountains and green fields in the distance. The golden prickly pear fruit nearby is covered with branches and will mature in more than a month.

Although this kind of wild fruit is ugly and thorny all over, its vitamin C content is 10 times that of kiwi fruit. The processed products such as dried fruit and raw juice have significant value-added benefits. In recent years, local leading enterprises have driven the planting area of Guiding County to 180000 mu, of which the fruit bearing area is nearly 50000 mu. Last year, the sales value of fresh fruits alone reached more than 4800 million yuan, and the average annual income of 16870 Rosa roxburghii growers in the county increased by 2845 yuan.

The rural industry is rich in connotation, covering one, two, three industries, through production and marketing services, integration of agricultural culture and tourism education. The "Plan" focuses on the layout planning of the secondary and tertiary industries such as the agricultural product processing industry, rural characteristic industries, rural leisure tourism, and rural new service industries.

Among them, the agricultural product processing industry has a large scale, great potential, and large space for value enhancement. "The extension of the agricultural product processing industry from the planting and breeding industry is the key to increasing the added value of agricultural products and the core of building an agricultural industry chain." Zeng Yande said that in 2019, the operating income of the agricultural product processing industry exceeded 22 trillion yuan, and there were 81000 agricultural product processing enterprises above designated size, attracting more than 3000 million jobs. But on the whole, the innovation ability is not strong, the development level is shallow, and the quality and efficiency are not high. In particular, the ratio of agricultural product processing output value to agricultural output value is 2.3: 1, which is lower than that of developed countries.

"Take corn processing as an example, the use of corn in China is relatively concentrated, and there are fewer types of related deep-processed products." Zeng Yande said that the current bottlenecks restricting the development of my country's agricultural product processing industry mainly lie in the lagging scientific research and innovation capabilities, insufficient processing technology and supporting facilities. To further enhance the processing industry of agricultural products, it is necessary to encourage and support farmers' cooperatives, family farms, small and medium-sized enterprises and other small and medium-sized enterprises to develop primary processing of agricultural products, guide large agricultural enterprises to develop fine processing, and promote the processing of agricultural products to sink to the producing areas. and speed up the integration of processing technology and equipment innovation.

Rural leisure tourism is the expansion of agricultural functions and has great potential for development. In the whole country, a variety of farmhouse projects and characteristic agricultural travel routes provide people with a good place for leisure and vacation. In 2019 alone, leisure agriculture received 3.2 billion visitors. "The dual pattern of urban and rural areas in China is an" industrial "structure, with the upper and lower horizontal lines representing the city and the countryside respectively. Rural leisure tourism is the middle one, which is one of the bridge and link industries connecting urban and rural areas." Zeng Yande made an image analogy.

In view of the problems of "rural nature" and "local atmosphere" in some rural leisure tourism attractions, the plan proposes to promote the optimization of rural leisure tourism layout, highlighting the characteristics, differentiation and diversification.

"It should be noted that different types of rural industries are not separated from each other and develop linearly. For example, leisure tourism involves industries such as processing and services." Zeng Yande emphasized that the cultivation and development of rural industries must ultimately achieve the integrated development of rural industries through the cross-reorganization of agricultural and modern industrial elements.

 

Let more farmers share the value-added benefits of the industry.

Cao Hewei is a capable entrepreneur in Dongyangping Village, Yangping Town, Quyang County, Baoding, Hebei Province. Before 2014, he was an urban white-collar worker in Guangdong. With the development of rural e-commerce, he finally chose to resign and return to his hometown to start a business.

"E-commerce has become popular over the years. I think it is an opportunity." Cao Hewei, who has rich experience in media operation, is handy in promoting products and has also helped the village's characteristic industries to make a brand. Last year, a five-star hotel in northern Myanmar opened and ordered a batch of stone carvings produced in the village through the e-commerce platform.

"Leading geese plan" "thousand enterprises and thousands of villages" ...... In recent years, around the countryside set off a wave of innovation and entrepreneurship, a large number of "Tian Xiucai" "local experts" "rural makers" for the vast countryside has brought new development momentum. In 2019, more than 8.5 million people returned to their hometown for innovation and entrepreneurship, 80% of them set up rural industrial integration projects, more than 50% of them used the "Internet" for innovation and entrepreneurship, and more than 31 million of them started their own businesses in the countryside.

Rural innovation and entrepreneurship is an important driving force for the revitalization of rural industries, which requires a large number of innovative entrepreneurs who dare to be the first and persevere. "It is a trend for migrant workers to go to cities to work and do business, and now it is another trend for migrant workers to return to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship." Zeng Yande said that from a practical point of view, most of the innovative and entrepreneurial personnel returning to their hometowns in the countryside understand both the countryside and the city. They have received industrialization training, urbanization influence, and informatization drive. Supporting the innovation and entrepreneurship of the above-mentioned personnel can enhance the adaptability of the rural industry to the market. And flexibility, and then transform the momentum of agricultural and rural development.

In this regard, the Plan makes a number of supportive arrangements:

Cultivate the main body of entrepreneurship and solve the problem of "who will create. In-depth implementation of the cultivation of rural innovation and entrepreneurship leaders, cultivate the main body of returning home entrepreneurship, the main body of rural entrepreneurship, and the main body of rural entrepreneurship, and create a group of innovation and entrepreneurship groups that take root in the countryside, serve agriculture, and drive farmers.

Build a business platform to solve the problem of "where to create. In accordance with the government to build a platform, platform to gather resources, resources to serve entrepreneurship requirements, the construction of various types of innovation and entrepreneurship park and incubation training base.

Strengthen entrepreneurship guidance and solve the problem of "how to create. Establish a team of entrepreneurial mentors for entrepreneurs, establish a team of entrepreneurial mentors for leaders, and establish a team of expert entrepreneurial mentors to carry out point-to-point guidance, strengthen entrepreneurial services, strengthen entrepreneurial training, and innovate guidance service methods.

The "Plan" emphasizes that we should adhere to the principle of establishing agriculture as agriculture, keep the secondary and tertiary industries in the countryside, and leave more employment and entrepreneurship opportunities and value-added benefits of the industrial chain to farmers. "It is necessary to guide new agricultural business entities to establish various types of cooperation with small farmers, improve the benefit distribution mechanism, and promote models such as'order purchase dividends, and farmers' share-based dividends for guaranteed income from farmers', so that farmers can share more value-added benefits of the industrial chain." Zeng Yande said.