The Connotation and Origin of Taihang Spirit

The Taihang spirit is the Chinese Communists represented by the older generation of revolutionaries such as Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Nie Rongzhen, Xu Xiangqian, etc., combining Marxist theory with the fine traditions of the Chinese nation and the specific practice of the Chinese revolution. The national spirit is the revolutionary spirit written by the heroic Taihang military and civilians with blood and life under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The essence and essence of the Taihang spirit is: not afraid of sacrifice, not afraid of hardships and dangers; perseverance and hard struggle; unity and courage to win; heroic struggle and selfless dedication. The great patriotism and revolutionary heroism of the Chinese nation nurtured by the towering Taihang Mountains will shine through the annals of history.
 

"Taihang Hao Qi spread through the ages". On May 25, 2009, when Comrade Xi Jinping inspected the Taihang Memorial Hall of the Eighth Route Army, he made the latest interpretation and interpretation of the Taihang spirit: "Combining the new reality and advancing with the times, vigorously promote the Taihang spirit, strengthen the correct ideals and beliefs, and always Maintain loyalty to the party to the people and the cause; adhere to the political stand of governing for the people, and always maintain close ties with the people; temper perseverance and perseverance, always maintain the mental state of advancing in the face of difficulties and working hard; adhere to the party's political nature, and always maintain the fine style of hard work, so as to provide a strong spiritual motivation for promoting sound and rapid economic and social development."
 

Not afraid of sacrifice, not afraid of danger
 

Taihang spirit is not afraid of sacrifice, not afraid of the spirit of revolutionary heroism. At the critical moment of the survival of the nation, the Communist Party of China took national independence and people's liberation as its own responsibility, led the Eighth Route Army and the Taihang sons and daughters, fought desperately against the ferocious Japanese invaders, and forged the immortal soul of the nation with blood and life. Set up an eternal monument in people's hearts.
 

On July 7, 1937, the Anti-Japanese War broke out. According to the strategic deployment of the Party Central Committee and Mao Zedong, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De led the Eighth Route Army to cross the Yellow River and advance into Taihang. The headquarters of the eighth Route Army and the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee have been stationed in the Taihang Mountains for a long time, leading and directing the anti-Japanese army and people behind enemy lines to establish anti-Japanese base areas such as Jinsui, Jinchaji, southwest Shanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan, and carry out arduous struggle. The soldiers of the Eighth Route Army went forward and succeeded, fought bloody battles, and effectively attacked the Japanese army's crazy offensive, killed and contained the enemy in a large number, effectively delayed the Japanese army's aggression against the entire territory of China, and greatly inspired the enthusiasm of the people of the whole country. A glorious chapter of the War of Resistance of the Chinese nation with one heart and one enemy.
 

The Eighth Route Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China moved to Taihang. The 115 Division first fought Pingxingguan, the 120 Division set up Yanmenguan, and the 129 Division made a surprise attack on Yangmingbao, playing the power of the Eighth Route Army. In March 1938, the Shentouling ambush wiped out 1500 enemies, which was the battle that wiped out the most Japanese troops in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War. In November 1939, Lieutenant General Abe, the "flower of famous generals" of the Japanese army, was killed in the Battle of Huangtuling, setting a record for the first time after China's Anti-Japanese War to kill an enemy lieutenant general on the battlefield. The "Hundred Regiments War" from August 1940 to January 1941 greatly inspired the Chinese people's fighting spirit. In October 1943, Hanlue village ambush wiped out more than 120 officers below major general of the Japanese "field tour group. From October 1942 to April 1945, the Eighth Route Army conducted a two-and-a-half-year siege of Qinyuan against the Japanese puppet troops. It fought more than 2730 times and killed and wounded more than 4000 Japanese puppet troops, creating a "model of the war of resistance behind enemy lines".
 

"Died to the national disaster", the Eighth Route Army soldiers fought on the battlefield to kill the enemy, died for the country, blood stained Taihang. Among them were ordinary soldiers of the Eighth Route Army, senior generals of the Communist Party, university professors who joined the army, and heroines who loved the returned overseas Chinese... On September 25, 1937, in the Pingxingguan battle, Zeng Xiansheng, who had participated in the Long March in 25,000, went to the battlefield again. The nickname "Mengzi", he led the fifth company to rush into the enemy line first, and made the Eighth Route Army famous with a sword and bayonet. After killing more than 10 Japanese troops, he was unfortunately stabbed and sacrificed heroically. When sorting out the relics, the grieving comrades found that in the pocket of company commander Zeng Xiansheng's military uniform, the resolution written in blood was still tightly wrapped with the last party dues to be handed over to the organization.
 

In his early years, Yang Yumin went to Cyrus University in the United States to study papermaking and obtained a doctorate. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Hebei Provincial Institute of Technology and became a famous papermaking expert. In November 1938, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De called Yang Yumin to the Eighth Route Army headquarters. Frequent fighting and marching made Yang Yumin's stomach trouble increasingly serious. In the summer of 1939, the Japanese army concentrated its forces to carry out a "nine-way siege" to the southeast of Shanxi. Yang Yumin, who served as the director of the political department of the first road of the Jidong Anti-Japanese Allied Forces, stopped beating forever on the way to move with the troops. Yang Yumin, 50, has integrated his patriotic feelings into the depths of Taihang.
 

The disaster of the motherland deeply affects the hearts of overseas children. Li Lin, Huang Dengbao, Xie Binyuan, etc., embarked on the journey back home with passionate patriotism. Li Lin, a returned overseas Chinese, has developed a good martial arts skill. She led an independent detachment of cavalry to gallop through Taihang and repeatedly made military exploits. He Long praised her as "our heroine". In April 1940, the Japanese and puppet troops concentrated 10,000 troops to "mop up" the Shansi-Suiyuan Border Region. In order to cover the breakout of the organs and the masses, Li Lin, who had been the leader of the Yanbei Detachment, despite being three months pregnant, led the cavalry company to fight bravely. After being seriously injured, he fought bravely and killed 6 Japanese and puppet troops. Caught in a tight encirclement, she would rather die than surrender, and shot her last bullet into her throat. Li Lin, who was only 25 years old, died in her most beautiful years.
 

On the towering Taihang Mountains, Zuo Quan, an outstanding senior general of our party and our army, was lost. In May 1942, the Japanese army carried out a "sweeping" of the Taihang base. In order to cover the breakout of the organization, General Zuo Quan, deputy chief of the Eighth Route Army, led his troops to the expedition. Unfortunately, he was shot and died when he broke through the enemy's last line of defense. A talented, intelligent and brave senior general of the Eighth Route Army gave his precious life at the age of 37 to save the nation's peril. Commander-in-chief Zhu De wrote a painful poem to mourn: "The famous general died for his country, and is willing to fight for his blood to defend my China. The great spirit of Taihang has spread through the ages, leaving the flowers of Qingzhang vomiting blood." In order to remember and commemorate General Zuo Quan forever, the army and people of Taihang changed the name of Liao County, where he died, to Zuoquan County. From then on, the name of Zuoquan County was forever engraved on the territory of China.
 

The soldiers of the Eighth Route Army fought bravely, and countless martyrs shed their blood on Taihang. From October 1937 to October 1944, the main force of the 129 division of the base area fought 19777 times against the Japanese and puppet troops, killing and injuring 120241 Japanese and puppet troops; the militia self-defense force of Taihang District fought 33716 times, killing and injuring 11409 puppet troops. During the eight-year all-out war of resistance, the officers and men of the eighth Route Army made great sacrifices. According to incomplete statistics, more than 13000 officers and men of the Jinsui military region, more than 71000 officers and men of the Jinchaji military region, and more than 13000 officers and men of Taihang District and Taiyue District in Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan. "I recommend Xuanyuan with my blood", they add blood-stained style to the majestic Taihang Mountains.
 

Perseverance and hard struggle
 

The Taihang spirit is the spirit of perseverance and hard work under extremely difficult conditions. In the most difficult years of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Party led the broad masses of the army and the people to carry out the movement of production self-help and mutual assistance, making the Taihang Mountains a strong fortress for the Party to lead the War of Resistance behind enemy lines and a forward base for the continuous victory of the Chinese revolution.
 

After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Japanese invaders arrogantly clamored that "take Shanxi in one month and perish China in three months", successively launched the "three-way siege", "eight-way siege" and "nine-way siege", implemented the "cage policy", "cannibalization policy" and "three-light policy", and launched the "million war" and "iron wall encirclement", frenzied "mopping up" and repeated "encirclement and suppression" campaigns were carried out in the base areas ". In the two years of 1941 and 1942 alone, the Japanese army carried out 19 large-scale "raids" in the Shanxi-Hebei-Henan border area, and more than 500 medium and small raids. The Japanese invaders burned, killed and looted wherever they went. Many villages were destroyed, countless people were killed, food was robbed, and crops were destroyed. They were cruel and heinous.
 

In the most difficult years of the War of Resistance against Japan, in the face of the enemy's sweeping, encirclement and suppression and serious natural disasters, our party actively organized the army and the people to fight while producing, and carried out production movements and textile competitions. From the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, the head of the army, local cadres and ordinary soldiers, they all worked hard together with the common people to open up wasteland and plant land, spinning and weaving cloth, and forged a deep friendship between the army and the people. The soldiers of the Eighth Route Army tightened their belts and took out the food they had saved from their teeth to help the masses. They even risked their lives to give their last food to the elderly and children who needed it most. The amiable and respectable Taihang people would rather starve themselves than give food to the Eighth Route Army.
 

Taihang soldiers and civilians kill the enemy while producing. Ma Yingyuan, the "first-class hero of killing the enemy", organized the militia and the masses around him to carry out "guerrilla production" combining labor and force ". In the anti-"mop-up" in May 1943, he once laid 13 mines, killed and injured more than 90 Japanese soldiers, seized 11 rifles, and 500 multiple bullets. He became a well-known hero of the Anti-Japanese War in Shanxi Anti-Japanese Base. In 1944, Ma Yingyuan won the honorable title of "First-class Hero of Killing the Enemy" at the first British Congress in the Taihang Mountains. Later, Ma Yingyuan was captured in the breakout. The enemy caught his wife and other relatives to coerce him to surrender, but he severely refused. Finally, he would rather die than surrender and died bravely.
 

In the face of the rampant attacks and cruel killings of the Japanese army, the people of Taihang "their mothers called their sons to fight the East and their wives sent them to the battlefield". They threw themselves into the great battle against the Japanese invaders and propped up half the sky in the base area with great love and hard work. Pomegranate Fairy, Zhao Yuee, Song Yuelan, Li Xiulian, etc., are all ingenious textile experts. The textile hero pomegranate fairy participated in the women's rescue meeting, which led the women to spin and weave, make military shoes, and support the soldiers and civilians in the war of resistance, making Mabao a model village for the county to develop production and support the war of resistance. With her superb textile skills of spinning 12 taels and weaving 2 zhangs a day, she was rated as a first-class model worker in Taihang and won the banner of "Textile Hero.
 

Li Gaihua, the mother of "sending her son to fight the East", is from Wuxiang County deep in the Taihang Mountains. This mother, who is deeply aware of the righteousness, first sent her second son out of the mountain to find the Eighth Route Army. In 1943, in a Japanese "mopping up", her husband was scalded to death by the Japanese army with boiling water. After burying her husband's bones in tears, she sent her third son to the Eighth Route Army as an engineering soldier. A few months later, while blasting the enemy's bunker, the third son died heroically at the foot of Anyang City. The bad news came that Li Gaihua was weaving cloth for the front spinning thread. Since then, Li Gaihua buried his hatred and grief deeply in his heart, spinning and weaving cloth and sewing military shoes day and night. At the beginning of 1945, Li Gaihua, who was already in his 60 s, sent his last son to the battlefield.
 

It is precisely because of such a people that there is an invincible army. The War of Resistance against Japan is a people's war, which is inseparable from the participation and support of the people. The people of Taihang made great contributions and sacrifices to the Chinese revolution. Every place and every piece of land in Taihang Mountain has left behind the deeds of the army and the people who share the same hatred and struggle hard. In 1942, when there was an unprecedented disaster in the Taihang Mountains, the 129 Division and the Taihang people lived and died together in the same boat. Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping and Yang Xiufeng personally built the Zhangnan Canal with the local army and people in Licheng and Shexian, watering more than 4000 mu of land along the way. When the 129 Division first entered the Taihang Mountains, there were only three brigades with more than 9000 people. After eight years of bloody fighting, by 1945 it had developed into a mighty army of 300000 fighters and embarked on the journey of liberation.
 

One heart dares to win
 

Taihang spirit is the spirit of unity for national liberation and daring to win. The Party and the Eighth Route Army continued to develop and strengthen the anti-Japanese democratic forces in Shanxi and the entire North China base areas behind enemy lines, organizing guerrillas, agricultural rescue associations, youth rescue associations, women's rescue associations, children's groups, international friends, etc., forming a united and united national anti-Japanese upsurge.
 

The war of resistance against Japan burned on the Taihang Mountains. In the anti-"mopping-up" operations and anti-"cannibalization" struggles, the people of Taihang created many tactics, such as ambush warfare, sparrow warfare, assault warfare, siege warfare, cave warfare, mine warfare, etc. The enemy fell into the vast ocean of the People's War. The broad masses have organized stretcher teams, transport teams, and guard teams to transport materials, rescue the wounded, clean the battlefield, and maintain law and order, so that the supply of military supplies and combat services for the war have been fully guaranteed. Women and children have also organized women's salvation and children's groups. Throughout the Taihang Mountains, "every village is like a military camp, everyone is a soldier, and the anti-Japanese base area is full of martial arts training".
 

In the face of national disaster, the Anti Japanese volunteer army, composed of more than 120 teachers and students of Chengcheng middle school in Taiyuan, walked out of the classroom and joined the army. They wrote in the declaration of participating in the war: "The responsibility to defend the motherland is ours, and we should shed the last drop of blood for the survival of the motherland." Under extremely difficult conditions, they made special contributions to the establishment of the Daqingshan Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Base. They died calmly and went to the national disaster together. More than 50 teachers and students shed blood on the green hills. Most of them were eighteen or nineteen years old, and the youngest was only thirteen or fourteen years old. They were hailed as a model for Chinese intellectuals and "a banner of the youth movement". Among them are father and son Liu Yongru and Liu Haiqing, brothers Jiao Guonai and Jiao Guozhu......
 

Women in the war of resistance against Japan did not give way to men. The majority of women not only set up women's rescue organizations, but also organized women's self-defense forces. Like the male self-defense team members, they learned to shoot and practice dropping bombs, laying mines and cutting wires together. Wang Jiuhuan, known as "Contemporary Mulan", was a native of Wuxiang County in the Taihang Mountains. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, her strong patriotic enthusiasm drove her to cut off her long hair and disguised herself as a man to join the Eighth Route Army. During her six years in the army, she fought bravely and fought bravely. No one knew that she was a heroine. In a battle in Liaoxian County in 1944, in order to protect the injured company commander, Wang Jiuhuan himself was seriously injured. It was only during the operation that the truth became clear and he was known as "Mulan in the Eighth Route Army".
 

Since ancient times, heroes have emerged as teenagers. At the moment of national peril, they use their young lives to turn into the most brilliant glow of the Taihang Mountains. Wang Pu was witty and brave. He was elected as the head of the children's regiment at the age of 11. He was only 13 when he died. Facing death, he was not afraid and shouted loudly, "Down with the Japanese devils! Down with the dog traitors!" Li Aimin, the little anti-Japanese hero, was also the head of the anti-Japanese children's regiment. One day, the Eighth Route Army asked him to send an "urgent" letter. When he arrived at the enemy's blockade area, he had a brainwave and grabbed a handful of cow dung and smeared it on his body. The devil saw that he was covered with dung and thought it was a cowherd. He kicked him down and turned around. Xiao Aimin endured the severe pain and successfully completed the letter delivery task. Later, in order to protect the villagers, he fell into the enemy's hands and fell under the devil's butcher's knife. That year, the anti-Japanese hero was only 12 years old.
 

Taihang Mountain is high, Zhanghe River is long, Taihang mother's love mountain is high and water is long. Regardless of life and death, not afraid of hardships, and even risked their lives, they nurtured the descendants of the Eighth Route Army soldiers with their sweet milk. They have a common name-Taihang nurse. One day, the Japanese invaders swept into the village, and the villagers fled to the mountains one after another. At the moment of life and death, Zhao Yindi picked up the two children of the Eighth Route Army and left, leaving his two children at home. After the enemy left and returned home, Zhao Yindi found that his two children had been killed by the Japanese aggressors. There is also a nurse who gave her young life to protect the descendants of the revolution during the devil sweep. The milk women in Taihang Mountain have sung the song of mothers. They give not only milk and life, but also capital maternal love. Their names are Guo Jinmei, Wu Qiaofeng, Zhao Zhizhen, Wang Gaiyun, Wang Qiaoyu, Zhang Zhaodi, Zhao Yindi......
 

heroic struggle selfless dedication
 

Taihang spirit is the spirit of heroic struggle and selfless dedication for the interests of the people. In the process of leading the people of Taihang to persist in the war of resistance, the Chinese Communists showed the spirit of daring to sacrifice for the interests of the people, the indomitable spirit of struggle, the noble sentiment of loving the people, and gave full play to their vanguard and exemplary role.
 

On the towering Taihang Mountains, the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and the people in the base area wrote an indomitable heroic chapter, casting the heroic and unyielding soul of the Chinese nation. They fought bloody battles on the battlefield and fought side by side. The people's army and the people have formed a deep love of fish and water, and gathered the strong strength of the whole people to fight against the enemy and kill the enemy together. The soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and the common people shared weal and woe and shared a common hatred of the enemy. Countless models and mothers of the Taihang Mountains emerged. Many people gave their lives to cover the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army. Many soldiers sacrificed their lives for the safety of the masses and kept their lives forever. Stay on the Taihang Mountains.
 

The country is broken and the family is dead. During the Spring Festival in February 1942, the enemy gathered more than 4000 Japanese and puppet troops in Wuxiang County and rushed to Dayou Town. In order to cover the safe transfer of ordinary people in more than 50 villages near Dayou Town, Guo Guoyan, commander of the third military division of the Taihang military region of the eighth Route Army, made strict arrangements and personally commanded the battle. He led his troops to beat back the enemy's frenzied charge again and again. The angry enemy's intensive firepower bombarded indiscriminately, and dense shells roared in. In an instant, the smoke was filled with gunpowder and shrapnel flew everywhere. Suddenly, a shell flew in, and Guo Guoyan, an excellent commander who was only 29 years old, was unfortunately shot and died heroically.
 

In 1943, just after the summer harvest, the enemy gathered more than 200 Japanese and puppet troops to attack Fengziling. Ma Dingfu, who served as political commissar of the 30th Regiment of the 10th Brigade of the Eighth Route Army, issued a decisive battle order: "Comrades, our slogan is: Where we are, we have the masses. We must not let the masses be harmed by the devils!" Ma Dingfu led the troops to resist the enemy's attack tenaciously until more than 1000 cadres and masses in Fengziling were safely transferred. Ma Dingfu was shot in the abdomen in this battle. He was only 29 years old and unfortunately died due to his injuries. In order to remember this Taihang anti-Japanese hero forever, Taigu County renamed Fengziling Village as "Madingfu Village".
 

"The mother of the soldiers" Hu Chunhua sent military food, made military shoes, carried stretchers, washed bloody clothes, and dedicated all her love to the Eighth Route Army and the People's War against the invaders. In 1941, when the famous defense battle of Huangya Cave began, Hu Chunhua led a stretcher team composed of local women to rescue the wounded from the battlefield one after another. Once, at the moment when the enemy's plane swooped down, she used her body to cover the wounded on the stretcher, and was bloodied by the enemy's shells. One day, she went to Licheng to deliver military food. She could only leave her daughter who had an acute illness at home. When she came back, her daughter was in a coma. On the way to the district hospital, her 4-year-old daughter stopped breathing forever in her arms.
 

In this hot land of heroes, the senior generals of the Eighth Route Army who stood up for Ma Taihang have experienced many battles and made outstanding achievements for the Chinese people's war of resistance against Japan. The generals of these republics returned to Taihang after they left, and their heroic spirits stretched with the Taihang Mountains and became the unyielding backbone of the Chinese nation. In the north of Chi'an Village, Shexian County, Handan City, Hebei Province, leaders of the 129 Division of the Eighth Route Army, including Liu Bocheng, Xu Xiangqian, Huang Zhen, Li Da, and Wang Xinting, slept on the Taihang Mountains, gazing at the place where they once fought side by side. The people of Taihang affectionately call this place "Jiangjunling", expressing their deep memory and endless thoughts for these generals of the Republic.
 

The red sun is all over the East, with thousands of mountains and valleys, iron walls and copper walls. The Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan border area, which is based on the towering Taihang, is a strong fortress for the Eighth Route Army to persist in the War of Resistance. The Eighth Route Army commanders and the broad masses of the people are indomitable, bloody, not afraid of difficulties, and united to resist aggression. The national spirit and heroism are always in Taihang. The Taihang spirit is a monument in the history of the Chinese revolution, writing the magnificent epic of the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan and the Chinese revolution, and is the precious wealth of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese nation. From history to today, under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, the Taihang spirit produced and formed in the difficult environment of the War of Resistance Against Japan will go with the new era.

January 24, 2018 Source: People's Political Consultative Conference